Power-aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks
MobiCom '98 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
PAMAS—power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Pulsed battery discharge in communication devices
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Ordered packet scheduling in wireless ad hoc networks: mechanisms and performance analysis
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Power-Aware Localized Routing in Wireless Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Energy Efficient Design of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
NETWORKING '02 Proceedings of the Second International IFIP-TC6 Networking Conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; and Mobile and Wireless Communications
Battery-aware power management based on Markovian decision processes
Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Asynchronous wakeup for ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Battery Life Estimation of Mobile Embedded Systems
VLSID '01 Proceedings of the The 14th International Conference on VLSI Design (VLSID '01)
Minimum energy disjoint path routing in wireless ad-hoc networks
Proceedings of the 9th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Maximum battery life routing to support ubiquitous mobile computing in wireless ad hoc networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
Energy efficient battery management
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Improving battery performance by using traffic shaping techniques
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
DIALM-POMC '05 Proceedings of the 2005 joint workshop on Foundations of mobile computing
Energy-efficient medium access control protocols for wireless sensor networks
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
Towards estimating lifetime of ad hoc wireless networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Network lifetime driven MAC protocols for ad hoc wireless networks
Wireless Networks
User-input driven QoS management in ad hoc networks
Computer Communications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on wireless and pervasive communications for healthcare
A combined approach for receiver-based MAC and network layers in wireless sensor networks
ICC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Communications
Harnessing battery recovery effect in wireless sensor networks: experiments and analysis
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on simple wireless sensor networking solutions
Towards estimating lifetime of ad hoc wireless networks
HiPC'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on High Performance Computing
A novel battery aware MAC protocol for minimizing energy × latency in wireless sensor networks
HiPC'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on High Performance Computing
A novel battery aware MAC protocol for ad hoc wireless networks
HiPC'04 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on High Performance Computing
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One of the challenging issues in the energy-constrained ad~hoc wireless networks is to find ways that increase their lifetime. Squeezing maximum energy from the battery of the nodes of these networks requires the communication protocols to be designed such that they are aware of the state of the batteries. Traditional MAC protocols for ad~hoc networks are designed without considering the battery state. Major contributions of this paper are: (a) a novel distributed Battery Aware Medium Access Control (BAMAC(k)) protocol that takes benefit of the chemical properties of the batteries, to provide fair scheduling and increased network and node lifetime through uniform discharge of batteries, (b) a discrete time Markov chain analysis for batteries of the nodes of ad~hoc wireless networks, and (c) a thorough comparative study of our protocol with IEEE 802.11 and DWOP (Distributed Wireless Ordering Protocol) MAC protocols. The key idea proposed in this paper is to piggy-back nodes' battery-state information with the packets sent by the nodes by means of which the nodes are scheduled to ensure a uniform battery discharge. We model the operation of the battery using a discrete time Markovian chain. Using the theoretical analysis, we calculate lifetime of the battery in terms of maximum number of packets that a node can transmit before its battery drains fully. Extensive simulations have shown that our protocol extends the battery lifetime consuming 96% and 60% less percentage nominal capacity spent per packet transmission compared to the IEEE 802.11 and the DWOP MAC protocols, respectively. In general, performance results show that BAMAC(k) outperforms IEEE 802.11 and DWOP MAC protocols, in terms of power consumption, fairness, and lifetime of the nodes. We have also analyzed the factors that influence the uniform discharge of batteries and their lifetime.