TCP/IP illustrated (vol. 1): the protocols
TCP/IP illustrated (vol. 1): the protocols
An evaluation of TCP with larger initial windows
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Analysis of TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
An end-to-end approach to host mobility
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Internet-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networking
IEEE Internet Computing
Congestion control for high bandwidth-delay product networks
Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
A "persistent connection" model for mobile and distributed systems
ICCCN '95 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Transparent Mobility with Minimal Infrastructure
Transparent Mobility with Minimal Infrastructure
Link layer-based TCP optimisation for disconnecting networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Measuring interactions between transport protocols and middleboxes
Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Delay-tolerant networking: an approach to interplanetary Internet
IEEE Communications Magazine
ATCP: TCP for mobile ad hoc networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Improving the performance of reliable transport protocols in mobile computing environments
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Towards more expressive transport-layer interfaces
Proceedings of first ACM/IEEE international workshop on Mobility in the evolving internet architecture
Application protocol design considerations for a mobile internet
Proceedings of first ACM/IEEE international workshop on Mobility in the evolving internet architecture
Employing cross-layer assisted TCP algorithms to improve TCP performance with vertical handoffs
International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
The performance of multiple tcp flows with vertical handoff
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobility management and wireless access
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Information management architecture for multiaccess networks
GIIS'09 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Global Information Infrastructure Symposium
Secure and efficient IPv4/IPv6 handovers using host-based identifier-locator Split
SoftCOM'09 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks
Communications middleware for tactical environments: observations, experiences, and lessons learned
IEEE Communications Magazine
A disruption tolerant mobility architecture towards convergent terminal mobility
CCNC'10 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE conference on Consumer communications and networking conference
Adoption barriers of network layer protocols: The case of host identity protocol
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Internet users are increasingly mobile. Their hosts are often only intermittently connected to the Internet, due to using multiple access networks, gaps in wireless coverage or explicit user choice. When such hosts communicate using the current Internet protocols, intermittent connectivity can significantly decrease performance and even cause connections to fail altogether. This paper experimentally measures the behavior of Internet communication across a dynamically changing, intermittently connected path. An analysis of the experimental results finds that address changes together with transport-layer timeout and retransmission behaviors are the main limiting factors. Based on these experimental results, this paper proposes a solution that combines the Host Identity Protocol (HIP) with two new protocol enhancements, the TCP User Timeout Option and the TCP Retransmission Trigger. Detailed experiments with HIP and a prototype implementation of these protocol enhancements show that they tolerate address changes and arbitrary-length disconnections while significantly increasing performance under intermittent connectivity to within 86-96% of a scenario with constant connectivity.