Scale and performance in a distributed file system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
IOBENCH: a system independent IO benchmark
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
IOStone: a synthetic file system benchmark
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News
A new approach to I/O performance evaluation: self-scaling I/O benchmarks, predicted I/O performance
SIGMETRICS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
The HP AutoRAID hierarchical storage system
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Approximate medians and other quantiles in one pass and with limited memory
SIGMOD '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Cooperative Task Management Without Manual Stack Management
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
lmbench: portable tools for performance analysis
ATEC '96 Proceedings of the 1996 annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Achieving completion time guarantees in an opportunistic data migration scheme
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review - Design, implementation, and performance of storage systems
Drive-Thru: fast, accurate evaluation of storage power management
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
TBBT: scalable and accurate trace replay for file server evaluation
FAST'05 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies - Volume 4
Accurate and efficient replaying of file system traces
FAST'05 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies - Volume 4
A nine year study of file system and storage benchmarking
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Towards realistic file-system benchmarks with CodeMRI
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Traveling to Rome: a retrospective on the journey
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Generating realistic impressions for file-system benchmarking
FAST '09 Proccedings of the 7th conference on File and storage technologies
Capture, conversion, and analysis of an intense NFS workload
FAST '09 Proccedings of the 7th conference on File and storage technologies
An Extensible I/O Performance Analysis Framework for Distributed Environments
Euro-Par '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Euro-Par Conference on Parallel Processing
Generating realistic impressions for file-system benchmarking
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
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In benchmarking I/O systems, it is important to generate, accurately, the I/O access pattern that one is intending to generate. However, timing accuracy ( issuing I/Os at the desired time) at high I/O rates is difficult to achieve on stock operating systems. We currently lack tools to easily and accurately generate complex I/O workloads on modern storage systems. As a result, we may be introducing substantial errors in observed system metrics when we benchmark I/O systems using inaccurate tools for replaying traces or for producing synthetic workloads with known inter-arrival times.In this paper, we demonstrate the need for timing accuracy for I/O benchmarking in the context of replaying I/O traces. We also quantitatively characterize the impact of error in issuing I/Os on measured system parameters. For instance, we show that the error in perceived I/O response times can be as much as +350% or -15% by using naive benchmarking tools that have timing inaccuracies. To address this problem, we present Buttress, a portable and flexible toolkit that can generate I/O workloads with microsecond accuracy at the I/O throughputs of high-end enterprise storage arrays. In particular, Buttress can issue I/O requests within 100μs of the desired issue time even at rates of 10000 I/Os per second (IOPS).