Taxonomy of XML schema languages using formal language theory

Authors:
Makoto Murata;Dongwon Lee;Murali Mani;Kohsuke Kawaguchi
Affiliations:
IBM Tokyo Research Lab, Kanagawa-ken, Japan;Penn State University;Worcester Polytechnic Institute;Sun Microsystems
Venue:
ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)
Year:
2005

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Abstract

On the basis of regular tree grammars, we present a formal framework for XML schema languages. This framework helps to describe, compare, and implement such schema languages in a rigorous manner. Our main results are as follows: (1) a simple framework to study three classes of tree languages (local, single-type, and regular); (2) classification and comparison of schema languages (DTD, W3C XML Schema, and RELAX NG) based on these classes; (3) efficient document validation algorithms for these classes; and (4) other grammatical concepts and advanced validation algorithms relevant to an XML model (e.g., binarization, derivative-based validation).