Process-variation-tolerant clock skew minimization
ICCAD '94 Proceedings of the 1994 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Zero-skew clock tree construction by simultaneous routing, wire sizing and buffer insertion
ISPD '00 Proceedings of the 2000 international symposium on Physical design
Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Optimal minimum-delay/area zero-skew clock tree wire-sizing in pseudo-polynomial time
Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Physical design
Variability aware low-power delay optimal buffer insertion for global interconnects
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers - Special section on 2009 IEEE system-on-chip conference
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Zero-skew clock-tree with minimum clock-delay is preferable due to its low unintentional and process-variation induced skews. We propose a zero-skew buffered clock-tree synthesis flow and a novel algorithm that enables clock-tree optimization throughout the full zero-skew design-space by considering simultaneous buffer-insertion, buffer-sizing, and wire-sizing. For an industrial clock-tree with 3101 sink nodes, our algorithm achieves up to 45X clock-delay improvement and up to 23% power reduction compared with its initial routing.