Knowledge-based tutoring: the GUIDON program
Knowledge-based tutoring: the GUIDON program
The Architecture of Why2-Atlas: A Coach for Qualitative Physics Essay Writing
ITS '02 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Computer-aided generation of multiple-choice tests
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
Analysis of mixed natural and symbolic language input in mathematical dialogs
ACL '04 Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
ACL '05 Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
HLT-Demo '05 Proceedings of HLT/EMNLP on Interactive Demonstrations
Serious Games for Language Learning: How Much Game, How Much AI?
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Taking Control of Redundancy in Scripted Tutorial Dialogue
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
SCoT: a spoken conversational tutor
AAAI'04 Proceedings of the 19th national conference on Artifical intelligence
Automatic short answer marking
EdAppsNLP 05 Proceedings of the second workshop on Building Educational Applications Using NLP
Using syntactic information to identify plagiarism
EdAppsNLP 05 Proceedings of the second workshop on Building Educational Applications Using NLP
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Researchers and developers of educational software have experimented with natural language processing (NLP) capabilities and related technologies since the 1960's. Automated essay scoring was perhaps the first application of this kind (Page 1966). Over a decade later, Writer's Workbench, a text-editing application, was developed as a tool for classroom teachers (MacDonald, Frase, Gingrich and Keenan 1982). Intelligent tutoring applications, though more in the spirit of artificial intelligence, were also being developed during this time (Carbonell 1970; Brown, Burton and Bell 1974; Stevens and Collins 1977; Burton and Brown 1982; Clancy 1987).