A role for haptics in mobile interaction: initial design using a handheld tactile display prototype
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Haptic phonemes: basic building blocks of haptic communication
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Designing haptic icons to support collaborative turn-taking
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Designing Large Sets of Haptic Icons with Rhythm
EuroHaptics '08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios
Exploring melodic variance in rhythmic haptic stimulus design
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2009
Haptic Navigation in the World Wide Web
UAHCI '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Part III: Applications and Services
Exploring the perceptual space of a novel slip-stick haptic surface display
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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The design of usable haptic icons (brief informational signals delivered through the sense of touch) requires a tool for measuring perceptual distances between icons that will be used together as a set. Our experiences with one potentially powerful approach, Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis of perceptual data acquired using an efficient cluster sorting technique, raised questions relating to the methodology for data collection. In this paper, we review key issues relating to perceptual data collection method, describe an example data set and present its initial MDS analysis, and then examine the impact of collection method on MDS outcome through a secondary analysis of the data and the inherent structure of the algorithm components. Our analysis suggests that an understanding of these issues is important for the method's effective use, but has not exposed any major flaws with the process.