Split menus: effectively using selection frequency to organize menus
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Energy-aware adaptation for mobile applications
Proceedings of the seventeenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Energy estimation tools for the Palm
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international workshop on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
More than dotting the i's --- foundations for crossing-based interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Low-power color TFT LCD display for hand-held embedded systems
Proceedings of the 2002 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Low Power Control Techniques For TFT LCD Displays
CASES '02 Proceedings of the 2002 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
Human on-line response to target expansion
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Graphical user interface energy characterization for handheld computers
Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Compilers, architecture and synthesis for embedded systems
Dynamic Power Optimization of Interactive Systems
VLSID '04 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design
Energy-aware user interfaces: an evaluation of user acceptance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Energy efficiency of handheld computer interfaces: limits, characterization and practice
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Energy-Adaptive Display System Designs for Future Mobile Environments
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Power minimization in a backlit TFT-LCD display by concurrent brightness and contrast scaling
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Navigation techniques for dual-display e-book readers
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Understanding human-battery interaction on mobile phones
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Modeling the energy cost of applications on portable wireless devices
Proceedings of the 11th international symposium on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Fast track article: Human-battery interaction on mobile phones
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
Users and batteries: interactions and adaptive energy management in mobile systems
UbiComp '07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
The design and evaluation of a task-centered battery interface
Proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Towards new widgets to reduce PC power consumption
CHI '12 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Energy efficiency of mobile handsets: Measuring user attitudes and behavior
Telematics and Informatics
Asymmetric cores for low power user interface systems
Proceedings of the adjunct publication of the 26th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
An asymmetric dual-processor architecture for low-power information appliances
ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS)
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Mobile computers, such as cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs), have dramatically increased in sophistication. At the same time, the desire of consumers for portability limits battery size. As a result, many researchers have targeted hardware and software energy optimization. However, most of these techniques focus on compute-intensive applications rather than interactive applications, which are dominant in mobile computers. These systems frequently use graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to handle human-computer interaction. This paper is the first to explore how GUIs can be designed to improve system energy efficiency. We investigate how GUI design approaches should be changed to improve system energy efficiency and provide specific suggestions to mobile computer designers to enable them to develop more energy-efficient systems. We demonstrate that energy-efficient GUI (E^2\rm GUI) design techniques can improve the average system energy of three benchmarks (text-viewer, personnel viewer, and calculator) by 26.9, 45.2, and 16.4 percent, respectively. Average performance is simultaneously improved by 23.7, 34.6, and 19.3 percent, respectively.