Operation and Modeling of the Mos Transistor (The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
12-23 GHz Ultra Wide Tuning Range Voltage-Controlled Ring Oscillator with Hybrid Control Schemes
ISVLSI '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI: New Frontiers in VLSI Design
Low phase-noise VCO utilizing modified symmetric load and partial positive feedback for FDSM
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing
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In this paper linearity of frequency modulation in voltage controlled inverter ring oscillators for non feedback sigma delta converter applications is studied. The linearity is studied through theoretical models of the oscillator operating at supply voltages above and below the threshold voltage of a transistor, bringing the transistors in respectively strong and weak inversion. The theoretical results are tested with more advanced models through spectreRF simulations. A soft rail approach implemented to improve linearity in weak inversion is proposed and demonstrated. The influence from voltage noise, process variations and temperature variations have also been simulated to indicate the advantages of having the soft rail bias transistor in the VCO.