The algorithmic beauty of plants
The algorithmic beauty of plants
A Multibody Factorization Method for Independently Moving Objects
International Journal of Computer Vision
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Animating prairies in real-time
I3D '01 Proceedings of the 2001 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Turning to the masters: motion capturing cartoons
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Video Input Driven Animation (VIDA)
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Volumetric reconstruction and interactive rendering of trees from photographs
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Simulation levels of detail for plant motion
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Modeling and visualization of leaf venation patterns
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Real-time rendering of plant leaves
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Multi-resolution tree motion synthesis in angular shell space
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
Motion capture for a natural tree in the wind
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Modeling and generating moving trees from video
Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Physically-based tree animation and leaf deformation using CUDA in real-time
Transactions on edutainment VI
Image-based reconstruction and synthesis of dense foliage
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2013 Conference Proceedings
Reconstructing 3D tree models using motion capture and particle flow
International Journal of Computer Games Technology
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The complexity of animating trees, shrubs and foliage is an impediment to the efficient and realistic depiction of natural environments. This paper presents an algorithm to extract, from a single video sequence, motion fields of real shrubs under the influence of wind, and to transfer this motion to the animation of complex, synthetic 3D plant models. The extracted motion is retargeted without requiring physical simulation. First, feature tracking is applied to the video footage, allowing the 2D position and velocity of automatically identified features to be clustered. A key contribution of the method is that the hierarchy obtained through statistical clustering can be used to synthesize a 2D hierarchical geometric structure of branches that terminates according to the cut-off threshold of a classification algorithm. This step extracts both the shape and the motion of a hierarchy of features groups that are identified as geometrical branches. The 2D hierarchy is then extended to three dimensions using the estimated spatial distribution of the features within each group. Another key contribution is that this 3D hierarchical structure can be efficiently used as a motion controller to animate any complex 3D model of similar but non-identical plants using a standard skinning algorithm. Thus, a single video source of a moving shrub becomes an input device for a large class of virtual shrubs. We illustrate the results on two examples of shrubs and one outdoor tree. Extensions to other outdoor plants are discussed.