Embodied conversational interface agents
Communications of the ACM
Does computer-generated speech manifest personality? an experimental test of similarity-attraction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An Empirical Study of the Effect of Agent Competence on User Performance and Perception
AAMAS '04 Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1
Interface feature prioritization for web services: Case of online flight reservations
Computers in Human Behavior
A "person" in the interface: effects on user perceptions of multibiometrics
EmbodiedNLP '07 Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing
Interactivity as self-expression: a field experiment with customization and blogging
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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We performed an empirical study exploring people's interactions with an embodied conversational agent (ECA) while performing two tasks. Conditions varied with respect to 1) whether participants were allowed to choose an agent and its characteristics and 2) the putative quality or appropriateness of the agent for the tasks. For both tasks, selection combined with the illusion of further customization significantly improved participants' overall subjective impressions of the ECAs while putative quality had little or no effect. Additionally, performance data revealed that the ECA's motivation and persuasion effects were significantly enhanced when participants chose agents to use. We found that user expectations about and perceptions of the interaction between themselves and an ECA depended very much on the individual's preconceived notions and preferences of various ECA characteristics and might deviate greatly from the models that ECA designers intend to portray.