Constraint-based tools for building user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on user interface software
Spreadsheet-based interactive graphics: from prototype to tool
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
User-tailorable systems: pressing the issues with buttons
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Graphical techniques in a spreadsheet for specifying user interfaces
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Multi-way versus one-way constraints in user interfaces: experience with the DeltaBlue algorithm
Software—Practice & Experience
Developing a reflective model of collaborative systems
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Supporting distributed, concurrent, one-way constraints in user interface applications
Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Flexible conflict detection and management in collaborative applications
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
GROUP '01 Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work
Undoing any operation in collaborative graphics editing systems
GROUP '01 Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work
Resource sharing for replicated synchronous groupware
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Consistency maintenance in real-time collaborative graphics editing systems
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Algorithms on Trees and Graphs
Algorithms on Trees and Graphs
Undo as concurrent inverse in group editors
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Data Structures and Algorithms in Java
Data Structures and Algorithms in Java
Basic components for constraint solver cooperations
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Leveraging single-user applications for multi-user collaboration: the coword approach
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Operational transformation for collaborative word processing
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Grouping in collaborative graphical editors
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
An Approach to Ensuring Consistency in Peer-to-Peer Real-Time Group Editors
Computer Supported Cooperative Work
Maintaining constraints of UML models in distributed collaborative environments
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
CLAF: Solving intention violation of step-wise operations in CAD groupware
Advanced Engineering Informatics
"integrare", a collaborative environment for behavior-oriented design
CDVE'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Cooperative design, visualization, and engineering
Leveraging single-user microsoft visio for multi-user real-time collaboration
CDVE'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Cooperative design, visualization, and engineering
Protecting the consistency of workflow applications in collaborative development environments
Future Generation Computer Systems
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A constraint specifies a relation or condition that must be maintained in a system. It is common for a single user graphic system to specify some constraints and provide methods to satisfy these constraints automatically. Constraints are even more useful in collaborative systems, which can confine and coordinate concurrent operations, but satisfying constraints in the presence of concurrency in collaborative systems is difficult. In this article, we discuss the issues and techniques in maintaining constraints in collaborative systems. In particular, we also proposed a novel strategy that is able to maintain both constraints and system consistency in the face of concurrent operations. The strategy is independent of the execution orders of concurrent operations and able to retain the effects of all operations in resolving constraint violation. The proposed strategy has been implemented in a Collaborative Genetic Software Engineering system, called CoGSE, for maintaining the tree structure constraint. Specific issues related to CoGSE are also discussed in detail.