Comparing the size of NFAs with and without ε-transitions

  • Authors:
  • Juraj Hromkovi;Georg Schnitger

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, ETH Zentrum, CAB F16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland;Institut für Informatik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Robert Mayer Straβe 1115, 60054 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Year:
  • 2007

Quantified Score

Hi-index 5.23

Visualization

Abstract

The construction of an @e-free nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) from a given NFA is a basic step in the development of compilers and computer systems. The standard conversion may produce an @e-free NFA with up to @W(n^2@?|@S|) transitions for an NFA with n states and alphabet @S. To determine the largest asymptotic gap between the minimal number of transitions of NFAs and their equivalent @e-free NFAs has been a longstanding open problem. We show that there exist regular languages L"n that can be recognized by NFAs with O(nlog"2n) transitions, but @e-free NFAs need @W(n^2) transitions to accept L"n. Hence the standard conversion cannot be improved drastically. However, L"n requires an alphabet of size n, but we also construct regular languages K"n over {0,1} with NFAs of size O(nlog"2n), whereas @e-free NFAs require size n@?2^c^@?^l^o^g^"^2^n for every c