A Retrospective on the VAX VMM Security Kernel
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Formal methods and testing: why the state-of-the art is not the state-of-the practice
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
A tentative approach to constructing tamper-resistant software
NSPW '97 Proceedings of the 1997 workshop on New security paradigms
Death, taxes, and imperfect software: surviving the inevitable
Proceedings of the 1998 workshop on New security paradigms
Building a high-performance, programmable secure coprocessor
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue on computer network security
The Giant Black Book of Computer Viruses
The Giant Black Book of Computer Viruses
Proof of separability: A verification technique for a class of a security kernels
Proceedings of the 5th Colloquium on International Symposium on Programming
Playing "Hide and Seek" with Stored Keys
FC '99 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Financial Cryptography
Proceedings of the International Conference on Cryptography: Policy and Algorithms
Design and verification of secure systems
SOSP '81 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
The design and analysis of graphical passwords
SSYM'99 Proceedings of the 8th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 8
The design of a cryptographic security architecture
SSYM'99 Proceedings of the 8th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 8
Software generation of practically strong random numbers
SSYM'98 Proceedings of the 7th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 7
Secure deletion of data from magnetic and solid-state memory
SSYM'96 Proceedings of the 6th conference on USENIX Security Symposium, Focusing on Applications of Cryptography - Volume 6
Protecting cryptographic keys and computations via virtual secure coprocessing
ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News - Special issue: Workshop on architectural support for security and anti-virus (WASSA)
Architecture for Protecting Critical Secrets in Microprocessors
Proceedings of the 32nd annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
Cryptography as an operating system service: A case study
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Security analysis of the palm operating system and its weaknesses against malicious code threats
SSYM'01 Proceedings of the 10th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 10
Copilot - a coprocessor-based kernel runtime integrity monitor
SSYM'04 Proceedings of the 13th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 13
Security analysis of the palm operating system and its weaknesses against malicious code threats
SSYM'01 Proceedings of the 10th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 10
Practical uses of virtual machines for protection of sensitive user data
ISPEC'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Information security practice and experience
A session key caching and prefetching scheme for secure communication in cluster systems
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
AEE'06 Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS international conference on Applications of electrical engineering
A novel AES-256 implementation on FPGA using co-processor based architecture
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics
An improved secure code encryption approach based on indexed table
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Computational Science, Engineering and Information Technology
Memory encryption: A survey of existing techniques
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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Current crypto implementations rely on software running under general-purpose operating systems alongside a horde of untrusted applications, ActiveX controls, web browser plugins, mailers handling messages with embedded active content, and numerous other threats to security, with only the OS's (often almost nonexistant) security to keep the two apart. This paper presents a general-purpose open-source crypto coprocessor capable of securely performing crypto operations such as key management, certificate creation and handling, and email encryption, decryption, and signing, at a cost one to two orders of magnitude below that of commercial equivalents while providing generally equivalent performance and a higher level of functionality. The paper examines various issues involved in designing the coprocessor, and explores options for hardware acceleration of crypto operations for extended performance above and beyond that offered by the basic coprocessor's COTS hardware.