Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Extended free-form deformation: a sculpturing tool for 3D geometric modeling
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Generative modeling: a symbolic system for geometric modeling
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Free-form shape design using triangulated surfaces
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Free-form deformations with lattices of arbitrary topology
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Interactive multi-resolution modeling on arbitrary meshes
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Wires: a geometric deformation technique
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Texture mapping for cel animation
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Displaced subdivision surfaces
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
As-rigid-as-possible shape interpolation
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Medial-based vertex deformation
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Free-form skeleton-driven mesh deformations
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Free-form deformations via sketching and manipulating scalar fields
SM '03 Proceedings of the eighth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Hierarchical mesh decomposition using fuzzy clustering and cuts
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
Mesh forging: editing of 3D-meshes using implicitly defined occluders
Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Geometry processing
A Painting Interface for Interactive Surface Deformations
PG '03 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
Mesh editing with poisson-based gradient field manipulation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers
Region-of-interest volumetric visual hull refinement
Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
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Techniques for interactive deformation of unstructured polygon meshes are of fundamental importance to a host of applications. Most traditional approaches to this problem have emphasized precise control over the deformation being made. However, they are often cumbersome and unintuitive for non-expert users. In this paper, we present an interactive system for deforming unstructured polygon meshes that is very easy to use. The user interacts with the system by sketching curves in the image plane. A single stroke can define a free-form skeleton and the region of the model to be deformed. By sketching the desired deformation of this reference curve, the user can implicitly and intuitively control the deformation of an entire region of the surface. At the same time, the reference curve also provides a basis for controlling additional parameters, such as twist and scaling. We demonstrate that our system can be used to interactively edit a variety of unstructured mesh models with very little effort. We also show that our formulation of the deformation provides a natural way to interpolate between character poses, allowing generation of simple key framed animations.