What Is the Set of Images of an Object Under All Possible Illumination Conditions?
International Journal of Computer Vision
The Quotient Image: Class-Based Re-Rendering and Recognition with Varying Illuminations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
From Few to Many: Illumination Cone Models for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting and Pose
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Lambertian Reflectance and Linear Subspaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Illumination Cones for Recognition under Variable Lighting: Faces
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Illumination ratio image: synthesizing and recognition with varying illuminations
Pattern Recognition Letters
Illumination Normalization for Robust Face Recognition Against Varying Lighting Conditions
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Illumination Modeling and Normalization for Face Recognition
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Rank Constrained Recognition under Unknown Illuminations
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression Database
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ICA Filters For Lighting Invariant Face Recognition
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 1 - Volume 01
Appearance Factorization based Facial Expression Recognition and Synthesis
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 4 - Volume 04
Separating Style and Content with Bilinear Models
Neural Computation
Illumination invariant face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Facial expression transformations for expression-invariant face recognition
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part I
Expression-invariant face recognition by facial expression transformations
Pattern Recognition Letters
Incremental learning of bidirectional principal components for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Bilinear Models for Spatio-Temporal Point Distribution Analysis
International Journal of Computer Vision
Dual optimal multiband features for face recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Robust video authentication system over internet protocol
International Journal of Biometrics
Face recognition system invariant to light-camera setup
PerMIn'12 Proceedings of the First Indo-Japan conference on Perception and Machine Intelligence
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The performance of face recognition is greatly affected by illumination changes because intra-person variation of the captured images under different lighting conditions can be much bigger than the inter-person variation. This paper proposes an illumination-robust face recognition by separating an identity factor and an illumination factor using symmetric bilinear models. The translation procedure in the bilinear model requires a repetitive computation of matrix inverse operations to reach the identity and illumination factors. This computation may result in a non-convergent case when the observation has noisy information or the model is overfitted. To alleviate this situation, we suggest a ridge regressive bilinear model that combines the ridge regression into the bilinear model. This provides a number of advantages: it stabilizes the bilinear model by shrinking the range of identity and illumination factors appropriately and improves the recognition performance. Experimental results show that the ridge regressive bilinear model significantly outperforms other existing methods such as the eigenface, quotient image, and the bilinear model in terms of the recognition rate under a variety of illuminations.