Neural Network-Based Face Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Pattern Recognition Letters
Practical algorithms for image analysis: description, examples, and code
Practical algorithms for image analysis: description, examples, and code
Frontal-view face detection and facial features extraction using color and morphological operations
Pattern Recognition Letters
A new face detection method based on shape information
Pattern Recognition Letters
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Image Segmentation by Data-Driven Markov Chain Monte Carlo
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Detection in Color Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Shape Analysis and Classification: Theory and Practice
Shape Analysis and Classification: Theory and Practice
Facial feature location with Delaunay triangulation/Voronoi diagram calculation
VIP '01 Proceedings of the Pan-Sydney area workshop on Visual information processing - Volume 11
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Face Tracking System Based on Color, Stereovision and Elliptical Shape Features
AVSS '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance
Face recognition: A literature survey
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Automatical detection of face features and exact face contour
Pattern Recognition Letters
Automatic extraction of head and face boundaries and facial features
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal - Special issue: Informatics and computer science intelligent systems applications
Face Detection Using Combinations of Classifiers
CRV '05 Proceedings of the 2nd Canadian conference on Computer and Robot Vision
Feature-Based Affine-Invariant Localization of Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Expression-Invariant Face Recognition with Expression Classification
CRV '06 Proceedings of the The 3rd Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision
3D Facial Model Synthesis using Voronoi Approach
ISVD '06 Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Voronoi Diagrams in Science and Engineering
A Local-Global Graph Approach for Facial Expression Recognition
ICTAI '06 Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
Local Graph Matching for Face Recognition
WACV '07 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Face recognition using elastic local reconstruction based on a single face image
Pattern Recognition
Biometric Inspired Digital Image Steganography
ECBS '08 Proceedings of the 15th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems
Dot Pattern Processing Using Voronoi Neighborhoods
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face localization and authentication using color and depth images
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A highly efficient system for automatic face region detection in MPEG video
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A stochastic gravitational approach to feature based color image segmentation
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
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Segmentation of human faces from still images is a research field of rapidly increasing interest. Although the field encounters several challenges, this paper seeks to present a novel face segmentation and facial feature extraction algorithm for gray intensity images (each containing a single face object). Face location and extraction must first be performed to obtain the approximate, if not exact, representation of a given face in an image. The proposed approach is based on the Voronoi diagram (VD), a well-known technique in computational geometry, which generates clusters of intensity values using information from the vertices of the external boundary of Delaunay triangulation (DT). In this way, it is possible to produce segmented image regions. A greedy search algorithm looks for a particular face candidate by focusing its action in elliptical-like regions. VD is presently employed in many fields, but researchers primarily focus on its use in skeletonization and for generating Euclidean distances; this work exploits the triangulations (i.e., Delaunay) generated by the VD for use in this field. A distance transformation is applied to segment face features. We used the BioID face database to test our algorithm. We obtained promising results: 95.14% of faces were correctly segmented; 90.2% of eyes were detected and a 98.03% detection rate was obtained for mouth and nose.