Benchmarks for cell-based layout systems
DAC '87 Proceedings of the 24th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Two-dimensional router for double layer layout
DAC '85 Proceedings of the 22nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Near-optimal n-layer channel routing
DAC '86 Proceedings of the 23rd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
An O(n log n) Algorithm for Rectilinear Minimal Spanning Trees
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A new two-dimensional routing algorithm
DAC '82 Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference
A minimum-impact routing algorithm
DAC '82 Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference
DAC '82 Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference
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A new methodology is presented for the solution of the multilayer routing problem that has the potential to outperform channel based multi-layer routing algorithms by expanding the routing regions to include areas over the cells. It is assumed that four routing layers are available. Routing is completed in two steps; a selected group of nets is routed in the between-cell areas using existing channel routing algorithms and the first two routing layers. Then the remaining nets are routed over the entire layout area, between-cell and over-cell areas, using a new two-dimensional router and the next two routing layers. The router used for over-cell routing recognizes arbitrarily sized obstacles, for example, due to power and ground routing or sensitive circuits in the underlying cells. The proposed router was tested on a number of macro-cell layout examples. Advantages of dedicating two routing layers for over-cell routing is illustrated. Results show a significant reduction in total layout area, wire length and number of via when compared to results obtained using two-layer or multi-layer channel routing methods.