“Social” human-computer interaction
Human values and the design of computer technology
Face to interface: facial affect in (hu)man and machine
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ELIZA—a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine
Communications of the ACM
Social role awareness in animated agents
Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Autonomous agents
BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Classification of Public Transport Information Dialogues Using an Information-Based Coding Scheme
ECAI '96 Workshop on Dialogue Processing in Spoken Language Systems
A sentimental education: sentiment analysis using subjectivity summarization based on minimum cuts
ACL '04 Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Model of Facial Expressions Management for an Embodied Conversational Agent
ACII '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Behavior planning for a reflexive agent
IJCAI'01 Proceedings of the 17th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
KES'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part III
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Emotion influences the choice of facial expression. In a dialogue the emotional state is co-determined by the events that happen during a dialogue. To enable rich, human like expressivity of a dialogue agent, the facial displays should show a correct expression of the state of the agent in the dialogue. This paper reports about our study in building knowledge on how to appropriately express emotions in face to face communication. We have analyzed the appearance of facial expressions and corresponding dialogue-text (in balloons) of characters of selected cartoon illustrations. From the facial expressions and dialogue-text, we have extracted independently the emotional state and the communicative function. We also collected emotion words from the dialogue-text. The emotional states (label) and the emotion words are represented along two dimensions "arousal" and "valence". Here, the relationship between facial expressions and text were explored. The final goal of this research is to develop emotional-display rules for a text-based dialogue agent.