Speech and expression: a computer solution to face animation
Proceedings on Graphics Interface '86/Vision Interface '86
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An automatic lip-synchronization algorithm for synthetic faces
MULTIMEDIA '94 Proceedings of the second ACM international conference on Multimedia
Specifying intonation from context for speech synthesis
Speech Communication
Multi-level direction of autonomous creatures for real-time virtual environments
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Improv: a system for scripting interactive actors in virtual worlds
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
GI '96 Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '96
Video Rewrite: driving visual speech with audio
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The EMOTE model for effort and shape
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Nudge nudge wink wink: elements of face-to-face conversation for embodied conversational agents
Embodied conversational agents
Parameterized action representation for virtual human agents
Embodied conversational agents
Building Large Knowledge-Based Systems; Representation and Inference in the Cyc Project
Building Large Knowledge-Based Systems; Representation and Inference in the Cyc Project
Verbs and Adverbs: Multidimensional Motion Interpolation
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Speech dialogue with facial displays: multimodal human-computer conversation
ACL '94 Proceedings of the 32nd annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Hosting activities: experience with and future directions for a robot agent host
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Shared reality: spatial intelligence in intuitive user interfaces
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
A step toward irrationality: using emotion to change belief
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 1
Embodied contextual agent in information delivering application
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 2
Embodied agents for multi-party dialogue in immersive virtual worlds
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 2
Interactive control of avatars animated with human motion data
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The ALVW system: an interface for smart behavior-based 3D computer animation
Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Smart graphics
Creating Interactive Virtual Humans: Some Assembly Required
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Scripting the Bodies and Minds of Life-Like Characters
PRICAI '02 Proceedings of the 7th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Trends in Artificial Intelligence
Human - Robot Interaction: Engagement between Humans and Robots for Hosting Activities
ICMI '02 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces
Rhythmic-motion synthesis based on motion-beat analysis
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
The Virtual Human Interface: A Photorealistic Digital Human
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
CSLDS: Chinese Sign Language Dialog System
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Applied system simulation
Unspoken rules of spoken interaction
Communications of the ACM - Human-computer etiquette
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Xface: MPEG-4 based open source toolkit for 3D Facial Animation
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Customisation and Context for Expressive Behaviour in the Broadband World
BT Technology Journal
Audio-based head motion synthesis for Avatar-based telepresence systems
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGMM workshop on Effective telepresence
Towards integrated microplanning of language and iconic gesture for multimodal output
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Visual and linguistic information in gesture classification
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Animating an interactive conversational character for an educational game system
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Automated Eye Motion Using Texture Synthesis
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Creating Speech-Synchronized Animation
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Establishing and maintaining long-term human-computer relationships
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Non-verbal cues for discourse structure
ACL '01 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Automatic determination of facial muscle activations from sparse motion capture marker data
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
XfaceEd: authoring tool for embodied conversational agents
ICMI '05 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Explorations in engagement for humans and robots
Artificial Intelligence
Representing coordination and non-coordination in an american sign language animation
Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Providing computer game characters with conversational abilities
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Teaching virtual characters how to use body language
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Hierarchical motion controllers for real-time autonomous virtual humans
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
A conversational agent as museum guide: design and evaluation of a real-world application
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Levels of representation in the annotation of emotion for the specification of expressivity in ECAs
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Modalities for building relationships with handheld computer agents
CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
From brows to trust
Describing and generating multimodal contents featuring affective lifelike agents with MPML
New Generation Computing
AI Magazine - Special issue on achieving human-level AI through integrated systems and research
Presenting in Virtual Worlds: An Architecture for a 3D Anthropomorphic Presenter
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Cards-to-presentation on the web: generating multimedia contents featuring agent animations
Journal of Network and Computer Applications - Special issue: Innovations in agent collaboration
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGCHI international conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Visual and linguistic information in gesture classification
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Courses
Health dialog systems for patients and consumers
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Dialog systems for health communications
Simulating speech with a physics-based facial muscle model
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
SIGGRAPH as textbook: learning skills for undergraduates
ACM SIGGRAPH 2002 conference abstracts and applications
Personality and Emotion-Based High-Level Control of Affective Story Characters
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Visual and linguistic information in gesture classification
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 courses
Multispace behavioral model for face-based affective social agents
Journal on Image and Video Processing
Learning to gesture: applying appropriate animations to spoken text
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Multimedia
Automated generation of non-verbal behavior for virtual embodied characters
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
A framework for socially communicative faces for game and interactive learning applications
Future Play '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Future Play
Story scripting for automating cinematics and cut-scenes in video games
Future Play '07 Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Future Play
Gesture modeling and animation based on a probabilistic re-creation of speaker style
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Public displays of affect: deploying relational agents in public spaces
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Phase-based gesture motion parametrization and transitions for conversational agents with MPML3D
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on INtelligent TEchnologies for interactive enterTAINment
Beyond the beat: modelling intentions in a virtual conductor
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on INtelligent TEchnologies for interactive enterTAINment
Fully generated scripted dialogue for embodied agents
Artificial Intelligence
The identification of users by relational agents
Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1
SmartBody: behavior realization for embodied conversational agents
Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1
Negotiating task interruptions with virtual agents for health behavior change
Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 3
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
The Behavior Markup Language: Recent Developments and Challenges
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Health Document Explanation by Virtual Agents
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Context Awareness in Mobile Relational Agents
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Towards Natural Head Movement of Autonomous Speaker Agent
KES '08 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Part II
Social Perception and Steering for Online Avatars
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Predicting Listener Backchannels: A Probabilistic Multimodal Approach
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
The Next Step towards a Function Markup Language
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
The Generation of Emotional Expressions for a Text-Based Dialogue Agent
TSD '08 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue
Opening Doors in Motion Analysis Research
Motion in Games
Motion in Games
Proceedings of the VIII Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Integrating embodied conversational agent components with a generic framework
Multiagent and Grid Systems - Innovations in intelligent agent technology
AAML Based Avatar Animation with Personalized Expression for Online Chatting System
PCM '08 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Mutually Coordinated Anticipatory Multimodal Interaction
Verbal and Nonverbal Features of Human-Human and Human-Machine Interaction
Multimodal Human Machine Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality
Multimodal Signals: Cognitive and Algorithmic Issues
Representing Communicative Function and Behavior in Multimodal Communication
Multimodal Signals: Cognitive and Algorithmic Issues
Context awareness in a handheld exercise agent
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
Studies on gesture expressivity for a virtual agent
Speech Communication
Learning a model of speaker head nods using gesture corpora
Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1
Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1
Learning Nonverbal Emotion Interaction In 3D Intelligent Virtual Environment For Children
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding
Talking bodies: Sensitivity to desynchronization of conversations
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
OCSC '09 Proceedings of the 3d International Conference on Online Communities and Social Computing: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Spontaneous Avatar Behavior for Human Territoriality
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
EMBR --- A Realtime Animation Engine for Interactive Embodied Agents
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Should Agents Speak Like, um, Humans? The Use of Conversational Fillers by Virtual Agents
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Converting text into agent animations: assigning gestures to text
HLT-NAACL-Short '04 Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2004: Short Papers
CharanisML: A Flexible Virtual Actor Control Interface
Edutainment '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on E-Learning and Games: Learning by Playing. Game-based Education System Design and Development
Distributed Episode Control System for Interactive Narrative Entertainment
ICEC '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Entertainment Computing
Real-time prosody-driven synthesis of body language
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
Teaching dialogue to interdisciplinary teams through toolkits
TeachNLP '05 Proceedings of the Second ACL Workshop on Effective Tools and Methodologies for Teaching Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics
Web2Animation - Automatic Generation of 3D Animation from the Web Text
WI-IAT '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 01
Comparing group discussion in virtual and physical environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Explorations in engagement for humans and robots
Artificial Intelligence
Technical section: Behaviourally rich actions for user-controlled characters
Computers and Graphics
Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - SPECIAL ISSUE: Games
Cultural Specific Effects on the Recognition of Basic Emotions: A Study on Italian Subjects
USAB '09 Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering of the Austrian Computer Society on HCI and Usability for e-Inclusion
'It's just like you talk to a friend' relational agents for older adults
Interacting with Computers
A probabilistic multimodal approach for predicting listener backchannels
Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
Conversational gestures in human-robot interaction
SMC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
ECAF: authoring language for embodied conversational agents
TSD'07 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Text, speech and dialogue
Seeing is believing: body motion dominates in multisensory conversations
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Persuasion, task interruption and health regimen adherence
PERSUASIVE'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Persuasive technology
What would jiminy cricket do? lessons from the first social wearable
OCSC'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Online communities and social computing
Social puppets: towards modular social animation for agents and avatars
OCSC'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Online communities and social computing
From annotated multimodal corpora to simulated human-like behaviors
ZiF'06 Proceedings of the Embodied communication in humans and machines, 2nd ZiF research group international conference on Modeling communication with robots and virtual humans
Maintaining reality: Relational agents for antipsychotic medication adherence
Interacting with Computers
SceneMaker: automatic visualisation of screenplays
KI'09 Proceedings of the 32nd annual German conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
The perception of finger motions
Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Evaluating models of speaker head nods for virtual agents
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: volume 1 - Volume 1
PlayPhysics: an emotional games learning environment for teaching physics
KSEM'10 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Knowledge science, engineering and management
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Evaluating the effect of gesture and language on personality perception in conversational agents
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Generating culture-specific gestures for virtual agent dialogs
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Making it personal: end-user authoring of health narratives delivered by virtual agents
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
SceneMaker: multimodal visualisation of natural language film scripts
KES'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems: Part IV
SceneMaker: intelligent multimodal visualization of natural language scripts
AICS'09 Proceedings of the 20th Irish conference on Artificial intelligence and cognitive science
Using spatial and temporal contrast for fluent robot-human hand-overs
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Human-robot interaction
PERSUASIVE'06 Proceedings of the First international conference on Persuasive technology for human well-being
Multimodal behavior realization for embodied conversational agents
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Relational agents improve engagement and learning in science museum visitors
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
How to train your avatar: a data driven approach to gesture generation
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Providing gender to embodied conversational agents
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Robots meet IVAs: a mind-body interface for migrating artificial intelligent agents
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Towards a common framework for multimodal generation: the behavior markup language
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
MPML3D: a reactive framework for the multimodal presentation markup language
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Creativity meets automation: combining nonverbal action authoring with rules and machine learning
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Nonverbal behavior generator for embodied conversational agents
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
[HUGE]: universal architecture for statistically based HUman GEsturing
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
A story about gesticulation expression
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Emotion social interaction for virtual characters
ICNC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Natural Computation - Volume Part I
Applying direct manipulation interfaces to customizing player character behaviour
ICEC'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Entertainment Computing
Implementing expressive gesture synthesis for embodied conversational agents
GW'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Gesture in Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
Emotion interaction of virtual character in 3d artificial society
SEAL'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning
Affective intelligence: a novel user interface paradigm
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Toward a universal platform for integrating embodied conversational agent components
KES'06 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part II
To beat or not to beat: beat gestures in direction giving
GW'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Gesture in Embodied Communication and Human-Computer Interaction
Requirements for a gesture specification language: a comparison of two representation formalisms
GW'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Gesture in Embodied Communication and Human-Computer Interaction
Intelligent content production for a virtual speaker
IMTCI'04 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Intelligent Media Technology for Communicative Intelligence
INTETAIN'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Intelligent Technologies for Interactive Entertainment
Robot behavior toolkit: generating effective social behaviors for robots
HRI '12 Proceedings of the seventh annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-Robot Interaction
The illusion of robotic life: principles and practices of animation for robots
HRI '12 Proceedings of the seventh annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-Robot Interaction
COST'09 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Development of Multimodal Interfaces: active Listening and Synchrony
Optimizing the turn-taking behavior of task-oriented spoken dialog systems
ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing (TSLP)
Individualized agent interactions
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
On speech and gestures synchrony
COST'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication and Enactment
Animating synthetic dyadic conversations with variations based on context and agent attributes
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
A domain-independent framework for modeling emotion
Cognitive Systems Research
Emotional eye movement generation based on Geneva Emotion Wheel for virtual agents
Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
EEMML: the emotional eye movement animation toolkit
Multimedia Tools and Applications
An NVC emotional model for conversational virtual humans in a 3d chatting environment
AMDO'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
AMDO'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Data-driven finger motion synthesis for gesturing characters
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
An interdisciplinary VR-architecture for 3D chatting with non-verbal communication
EGVE - JVRC'11 Proceedings of the 17th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments & Third Joint Virtual Reality
Changes in verbal and nonverbal conversational behavior in long-term interaction
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction
Joint activity theory as a framework for natural body expression in autonomous agents
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Multimodal Learning Analytics
Simulation of virtual human's mental state in behavior animation
LSMS'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Life System Modeling and Simulation
Fully automated generation of question-answer pairs for scripted virtual instruction
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Modeling speaker behavior: a comparison of two approaches
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Designing relational agents as long term social companions for older adults
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Empirical validation of an accommodation theory-based model of user-agent relationship
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Group dynamics and multimodal interaction modeling using a smart digital signage
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
3D Talking-Head Interface to Voice-Interactive Services on Mobile Phones
International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction
Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Virtual character performance from speech
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Towards higher quality character performance in previz
Proceedings of the Symposium on Digital Production
Multi-party interaction with a virtual character and a human-like robot
Proceedings of the 19th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Generating Responsive Life-Like Biped Characters
Proceedings of the The third workshop on Procedural Content Generation in Games
Adaptive emotional expression in robot-child interaction
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Intelligent virtual humans with autonomy and personality: State-of-the-art
Intelligent Decision Technologies
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The Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit (BEAT) allows animators to input typed text that they wish to be spoken by an animated human figure, and to obtain as output appropriate and synchronized nonverbal behaviors and synthesized speech in a form that can be sent to a number of different animation systems. The nonverbal behaviors are assigned on the basis of actual linguistic and contextual analysis of the typed text, relying on rules derived from extensive research into human conversational behavior. The toolkit is extensible, so that new rules can be quickly added. It is designed to plug into larger systems that may also assign personality profiles, motion characteristics, scene constraints, or the animation styles of particular animators.