The EMOTE model for effort and shape
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Embodied contextual agent in information delivering application
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 2
Principal Components of Expressive Speech Animation
CGI '01 Computer Graphics International 2001
Emotional speech: towards a new generation of databases
Speech Communication - Special issue on speech and emotion
Formational Parameters and Adaptive Prototype Instantiation for MPEG-4 Compliant Gesture Synthesis
CA '02 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Graphical Models
Life-Like Characters: Tools, Affective Functions, and Applications (Cognitive Technologies)
Life-Like Characters: Tools, Affective Functions, and Applications (Cognitive Technologies)
Real-time speech motion synthesis from recorded motions
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Coordination and context-dependence in the generation of embodied conversation
INLG '00 Proceedings of the first international conference on Natural language generation - Volume 14
Eye communication in a conversational 3D synthetic agent
AI Communications
Implementing expressive gesture synthesis for embodied conversational agents
GW'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Gesture in Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
Intelligent expressions of emotions
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Too close for comfort?: adapting to the user's cultural background
Proceedings of the international workshop on Human-centered multimedia
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Intentional affect: an alternative notion of affective interaction with a machine
Proceedings of the 23rd British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: Celebrating People and Technology
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Perception of blended emotions: from video corpus to expressive agent
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Multimodal sensing, interpretation and copying of movements by a virtual agent
PIT'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international tutorial and research conference on Perception and Interactive Technologies
Towards ECA's animation of expressive complex behaviour
COST'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication and Enactment
Form-Oriented annotation for building a functionally independent dictionary of synthetic movement
COST'11 Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Cognitive Behavioural Systems
Cultural diversity for virtual characters (extended abstract)
IJCAI'13 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence
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In this paper we present a two-steps approach towards the creation of affective Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs): annotation of a real-life nonacted emotional corpus and animation by copy-synthesis. The basis of our approach is to study how coders perceive and annotate at several levels the emotions observed in a corpus of emotionally rich TV video interviews. We use their annotations to specify the expressive behavior of an agent at several levels. We explain how such an approach can be useful for providing knowledge as input for the specification of non-basic patterns of emotional behaviors to be displayed by the ECA (e.g. which perceptual cues and levels of annotation are required for enabling the proper recognition of the emotions).