Personality-rich believable agents that use language
AGENTS '97 Proceedings of the first international conference on Autonomous agents
The EMOTE model for effort and shape
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Modeling tension and relaxation for computer animation
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Formational Parameters and Adaptive Prototype Instantiation for MPEG-4 Compliant Gesture Synthesis
CA '02 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Interpolating splines with local tension, continuity, and bias control
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing multimodal utterances for conversational agents: Research Articles
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Levels of representation in the annotation of emotion for the specification of expressivity in ECAs
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Gesture modeling and animation based on a probabilistic re-creation of speaker style
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Expression of Emotions in Virtual Humans Using Lights, Shadows, Composition and Filters
ACII '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Evaluating Data-Driven Style Transformation for Gesturing Embodied Agents
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Informed Use of Motion Synthesis Methods
Motion in Games
A Qualitative and Quantitative Characterisation of Style in Sign Language Gestures
Gesture-Based Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
Gesture-Based Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
E-Drama: Facilitating Online Role-play using an AI Actor and Emotionally Expressive Characters
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Multimodal Human Machine Interactions in Virtual and Augmented Reality
Multimodal Signals: Cognitive and Algorithmic Issues
GNetIc --- Using Bayesian Decision Networks for Iconic Gesture Generation
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Affective negotiation support systems
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Evaluating the effect of gesture and language on personality perception in conversational agents
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Challenges for virtual humans in human computing
ICMI'06/IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the ICMI 2006 and IJCAI 2007 international conference on Artifical intelligence for human computing
Why is the creation of a virtual signer challenging computer animation?
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Proceedings of the Third COST 2102 international training school conference on Toward autonomous, adaptive, and context-aware multimodal interfaces: theoretical and practical issues
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)
Don't scratch! self-adaptors reflect emotional stability
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
A software framework for individualized agent behavior
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Animating a conversational agent with user expressivity
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Using individual light rigs to control the perception of a virtual character's personality
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part I
Expressive gesture model for humanoid robot
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part II
Perception of blended emotions: from video corpus to expressive agent
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Towards a reactive virtual trainer
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
From acoustic cues to an expressive agent
GW'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Gesture in Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation
Requirements for a gesture specification language: a comparison of two representation formalisms
GW'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Gesture in Embodied Communication and Human-Computer Interaction
Synthesizing mood-affected signed messages: Modifications to the parametric synthesis
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Multimodal sensing, interpretation and copying of movements by a virtual agent
PIT'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international tutorial and research conference on Perception and Interactive Technologies
Individualized agent interactions
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
Estimation of conversational activation level during video chat using turn-taking information.
Proceedings of the 10th asia pacific conference on Computer human interaction
Expressive body animation pipeline for virtual agent
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Generating co-speech gestures for the humanoid robot NAO through BML
GW'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Gesture and Sign Language in Human-Computer Interaction and Embodied Communication
ACSC '11 Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Australasian Computer Science Conference - Volume 113
Estimating human motion from multiple Kinect sensors
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Vision / Computer Graphics Collaboration Techniques and Applications
The effect of posture and dynamics on the perception of emotion
Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception
Clustering approach to characterize haptic expressions of emotions
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Generating Responsive Life-Like Biped Characters
Proceedings of the The third workshop on Procedural Content Generation in Games
Cultural diversity for virtual characters (extended abstract)
IJCAI'13 Proceedings of the Twenty-Third international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence
Easy authoring of variable gestural expressions for a humanoid robot
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Increasing the expressivity of humanoid robots with variable gestural expressions
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Guest Editorial: Gesture and speech in interaction: An overview
Speech Communication
Intelligent virtual humans with autonomy and personality: State-of-the-art
Intelligent Decision Technologies
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We aim at creating an expressive Embodied Conversational Agent (ECA) and address the problem of synthesizing expressive agent gestures. In our previous work, we have described the gesture selection process. In this paper, we present a computational model of gesture quality. Once a certain gesture has been chosen for execution, how can we modify it to carry a desired expressive content while retaining its original semantics? We characterize bodily expressivity with a small set of dimensions derived from a review of psychology literature. We provide a detailed description of the implementation of these dimensions in our animation system, including our gesture modeling language. We also demonstrate animations with different expressivity settings in our existing ECA system. Finally, we describe two user studies that evaluate the appropriateness of our implementation for each dimension of expressivity as well as the potential of combining these dimensions to create expressive gestures that reflect communicative intent.