The role of emotion in believable agents
Communications of the ACM
BEAT: the Behavior Expression Animation Toolkit
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Affective expressions of machines
CHI '01 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
High Level Specification and Control of Communication Gestures: The GESSYCA System
CA '99 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Representing and Parameterizing Agent Behaviors
CA '02 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Emotion and sociable humanoid robots
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Application of affective computing in human—Computer interaction
MPEG-4 Facial Animation: The Standard, Implementation and Applications
MPEG-4 Facial Animation: The Standard, Implementation and Applications
Establishing and maintaining long-term human-computer relationships
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Synthesizing multimodal utterances for conversational agents: Research Articles
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Towards the Specification of an ECA with Variants of Gestures
IVA '07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Towards a design method for expressive robots
Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction
Greta: an interactive expressive ECA system
Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2
Learning to Make Facial Expressions
DEVLRN '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning
Perception of affect elicited by robot motion
Proceedings of the 5th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Robots without faces: non-verbal social human-robot interaction
Robots without faces: non-verbal social human-robot interaction
Expressing emotions on robotic companions with limited facial expression capabilities
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Towards a common framework for multimodal generation: the behavior markup language
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Thalamus: closing the mind-body loop in interactive embodied characters
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Synthesising and evaluating cross-modal emotional ambiguity in virtual agents
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Socially present board game opponents
ACE'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment
ICSR'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Social Robotics
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Nutty tracks: symbolic animation pipeline for expressive robotics
ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Posters
On Rendering Emotions on a Robotic Face
Proceedings of Conference on Advances In Robotics
Communication of intent in assistive free flyers
Proceedings of the 2014 ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
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This paper describes our approach on the development of the expression of emotions on a robot with constrained facial expressions. We adapted principles and practices of animation from Disney™ and other animators for robots, and applied them on the development of emotional expressions for the EMYS robot. Our work shows that applying animation principles to robots is beneficial for human understanding of the robots' emotions.