Communications of the ACM - Special issue on computer augmented environments: back to the real world
Flow diagrams, turing machines and languages with only two formation rules
Communications of the ACM
Mindstorms: children, computers, and powerful ideas
Mindstorms: children, computers, and powerful ideas
Tangible programming in the classroom with tern
CHI '07 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Concrete Programming: Using Small Robots in Primary Schools
ICALT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
University and Primary Schools Cooperation for Small Robots Programming
WSKS '09 Proceedings of the 2nd World Summit on the Knowledge Society: Visioning and Engineering the Knowledge Society. A Web Science Perspective
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Robot programming is introduced in primary schools in order to offer both children and teachers the opportunity of concreteprogrammingthat is approaching the basics of informatics as a science while performing activities concerning the standard curricula subjects. Fundamental components of our proposal are: a) the use of different types of small autonomous robotsas computer systems children develop programs for, b) programming with a textual, Logo-like languagein order to avoid problems caused by the language in use during first programming activities, c) a cross-disciplinarydidactical methodologywhere each robot activity is a learning environment nurturing as its principal concern concepts from traditional school subjects, d) a communityof practiceteachers can rely on, so that they do not hesitate experimenting because guaranteed of quick technical and pedagogical help. During 2007/2008 school year, the approach concerned about 30 primary school classes using different robots.