QuickTime VR: an image-based approach to virtual environment navigation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Mathematics for 3D game programming and computer graphics
Mathematics for 3D game programming and computer graphics
Rail-track viewer: an image-based virtual walkthrough system
EGVE '02 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2002
Handbook of Algorithms for Wireless Networking and Mobile Computing (Chapman & Hall/Crc Computer & Information Science)
Image-Based Rendering
Remote rendering and streaming of progressive panoramas for mobile devices
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
A scalable architecture for 3D map navigation on mobile devices
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
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The exploration of virtual environments in wireless mobile media devices has attracted the attention of researchers and developers mainly due to its potential applications in a variety of areas including entertainment, training, security, e-learning, etc. However, current technology of mobile devices lack the proper resources to handle complex and realistic 3D virtual environments. There has been a number of proposed ideas to solve this issue. The existing approaches use techniques that either employ limited user navigation modes or do not perform satisfactorily for interactive applications. In this paper, we propose a new protocol that offers the user a richer navigation by pre-streaming the necessary imagery data to generate new views as the user wanders within the 3D environment. We introduce the idea of key partial panoramas, i.e., panorama segments that cover movements in any direction by simply strafing from an appropriate key partial panorama and streaming the amount of lost pixels. We have implemented our ideas and evaluated it against two well-known approaches. Experimental results show that our solution outperforms the selected approaches by minimizing the delay between image updates and by allowing a more complex navigation scheme than previous works.