A theory of online learning as online participation

Authors:
Stefan Hrastinski
Affiliations:
Uppsala University, Computer and Systems Science, Department of Information Science, PO Box 513, Uppsala 751 20, Sweden
Venue:
Computers & Education
Year:
2009

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Abstract

In this paper, an initial theory of online learning as online participation is suggested. It is argued that online learner participation (1) is a complex process of taking part and maintaining relations with others, (2) is supported by physical and psychological tools, (3) is not synonymous with talking or writing, and (4) is supported by all kinds of engaging activities. Participation and learning are argued to be inseparable and jointly constituting. The implication of the theory is straightforward: If we want to enhance online learning, we need to enhance online learner participation.