A method for automatic inspection of printed circuit boards
CVGIP: Image Understanding
Recent advances in the automatic inspection of integrated circuits for pattern defects
Machine Vision and Applications
Automatic PCB inspection algorithms: a survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Automatic defect classification for semiconductor manufacturing
Machine Vision and Applications
Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Backpack: detection of people carrying objects using silhouettes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Modeling people toward vision-based underatanding of a person's shape, appearance, and movement
A Hierarchical Approach to Robust Background Subtraction using Color and Gradient Information
MOTION '02 Proceedings of the Workshop on Motion and Video Computing
A Real-Time System for Monitoring of Cyclists and Pedestrians
VS '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
Robust background subtraction with foreground validation for urban traffic video
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Robust background subtraction with shadow and highlight removal for indoor surveillance
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
A novel background updating algorithm based on the logical relationship
SSIP'07 Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on Signal, Speech and Image Processing
Hardware optimized image processing algorithms for industrial high speed applications
ICECS'03 Proceedings of the 2nd WSEAS International Conference on Electronics, Control and Signal Processing
WSEAS Transactions on Computer Research
Image segmentation in video sequences: a probabilistic approach
UAI'97 Proceedings of the Thirteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Detecting moving objects, ghosts, and shadows in video streams
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hi-index | 0.00 |
Automated visual inspection (AVI) is becoming an integral part of modern surface mount technology (SMT) assembly process. This high technology assembly, produces printed circuit boards (PCB) with tiny and delicate electronic components. With the increase in demand for such PCBs, high-volume production has to cater for both the quantity and zero defect quality assurance. The ever changing technology in fabrication, placement and soldering of SMT electronic components have caused an increase in PCB defects both in terms of numbers and types. Consequently, a wide range of defect detecting techniques and algorithms have been reported and implemented in AVI systems in the past decade. Unfortunately, the turn-over rate for PCB inspection is very crucial in the electronic industry. Current AVI systems spend too much time inspecting PCBs on a component-by-component basis. In this paper, we focus on providing a solution that can cover a larger inspection area of a PCB at any one time. This will reduce inspection time and increase the throughput of PCB production. Our solution is targeted for missing and misalignment defects of SMT devices in a PCB. An alternative visual inspection approach using color background subtraction is presented to address the stated defect. Experimental results of various defect PCBs are also presented.