Issues in combining marking and direct manipulation techniques
UIST '91 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Animating direct manipulation interfaces
Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology
Does animation in user interfaces improve decision making?
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Cognitive modeling demonstrates how people use anticipated location knowledge of menu items
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Human on-line response to target expansion
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Refining Fitts' law models for bivariate pointing
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The effects of feedback on targeting with multiple moving targets
GI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 Graphics Interface Conference
The vacuum: facilitating the manipulation of distant objects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The springboard: multiple modes in one spring-loaded control
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Gestion des fenêtres: enregistrement et visualisation de l'interaction
IHM 2005 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Francophone sur l'Interaction Homme-Machine
PageLinker: integrating contextual bookmarks within a browser
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Web page revisitation revisited: implications of a long-term click-stream study of browser usage
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A predictive model of menu performance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Arm trajectory modifications during reaching towards visual targets
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Peephole pointing: modeling acquisition of dynamically revealed targets
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SwingStates: adding state machines to Java and the Swing toolkit
Software—Practice & Experience
Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
Power tools for copying and moving: useful stuff for your desktop
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Improving users' comprehension of changes with animation and sound: an empirical assessment
INTERACT'07 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction
Comet and target ghost: techniques for selecting moving targets
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Pop-up targets, such as the items of popup menus, and animated targets, such as the moving windows in Mac OS X Exposé, are common in current desktop environments. This paper describes an initial study of pointing on pop-up and animated targets. Since we are interested in expert performance, we study the situation where the user has previous knowledge of the (final) position of the target. We investigate the effect of the DELAY factor, i.e. the delay before the target pops up (for pop-up targets) or the duration of the animation (for animated targets). We find little difference between the two techniques in terms of pointing performance (time and error), however a kinematic analysis reveals differences in the nature of the pointing movement. We also find that movement time increases with DELAY, but the degradation is smaller when the target is farther away than when it is closer. Indeed, larger distances require a longer movement time therefore the target reaches its destination while the participant is still moving the pointer, providing more opportunity to correct the movement than with short distances. Finally we take into account these results to propose an extension to Fitts' Law that better predicts movement time for these tasks.