Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Practical animation of liquids
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A Fast, Flexible, Particle-System Model for Cloth Draping
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Particle systems—a technique for modeling a class of fuzzy objects
SIGGRAPH '83 Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Dynamically coupled particle systems for geometric modeling, reconstruction, and animation
Dynamically coupled particle systems for geometric modeling, reconstruction, and animation
Keyframe control of complex particle systems using the adjoint method
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
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In this paper, we discuss use of particle systems, as understood in computer science, in modeling and simulating everyday engineering problems. Then, the task is to analyze the resulting dynamics, to differentiate physically accurate and true properties from artificial properties. For this purpose, as the main contribution in this paper, we propose a convergence based technique called simulated tendency. It is particularly suited for analysis of finite data series, that is, particle system dynamics. Moreover, for particle systems, simulated tendency reveals a necessary condition for physically accurate simulation. We also exemplify use of simulated tendency in analyzing the dynamics of a particle system modeling an inelastic bouncing wheel. Such a wheel is an intuitively clear example with well understood ideal dynamics, but for which the particle system model displays some intricacies not present in the ideal dynamics.