Performance study of several global thresholding techniques for segmentation
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Fitting Parameterized Three-Dimensional Models to Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The visual analysis of human movement: a survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
An algorithm for planning collision-free paths among polyhedral obstacles
Communications of the ACM
Computer and Robot Vision
3-D Motion Estimation in Model-Based Facial Image Coding
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Mean Shift, Mode Seeking, and Clustering
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Real-Time Visual Tracking of Complex Structures
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Visual Tracking of High DOF Articulated Structures: an Application to Human Hand Tracking
ECCV '94 Proceedings of the Third European Conference-Volume II on Computer Vision - Volume II
Learning and Recognizing Human Dynamics in Video Sequences
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
3-D model-based tracking of humans in action: a multi-view approach
CVPR '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '96)
Stable Real-Time 3D Tracking Using Online and Offline Information
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Pose Estimation of 3D Free-Form Contours
International Journal of Computer Vision
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1
Robust Visual Tracking via Pixel Classification and Integration
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 03
Tracking People by Learning Their Appearance
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Monocular Video Foreground/Background Segmentation by Tracking Spatial-Color Gaussian Mixture Models
WMVC '07 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing
BM3E: Discriminative Density Propagation for Visual Tracking
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
On convergence properties of the em algorithm for gaussian mixtures
Neural Computation
Visual tracking of surgical tools for proximity detection in retinal surgery
IPCAI'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Information processing in computer-assisted interventions
Unified detection and tracking in retinal microsurgery
MICCAI'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention - Volume Part I
Data-Driven visual tracking in retinal microsurgery
MICCAI'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Volume Part II
Feature classification for tracking articulated surgical tools
MICCAI'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - Volume Part II
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We describe a general methodology for tracking 3-dimensional objects in monocular and stereo video that makes use of GPU-accelerated filtering and rendering in combination with machine learning techniques. The method operates on targets consisting of kinematic chains with known geometry. The tracked target is divided into one or more areas of consistent appearance. The appearance of each area is represented by a classifier trained to assign a class-conditional probability to image feature vectors. A search is then performed on the configuration space of the target to find the maximum likelihood configuration. In the search, candidate hypotheses are evaluated by rendering a 3D model of the target object and measuring its consistency with the class probability map. The method is demonstrated for tool tracking on videos from two surgical domains, as well as in a human hand-tracking task.