Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Feeling and seeing: issues in force display
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Solving the Collision Detection Problem
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A virtual environment and model of the eye for surgical simulation
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
I-COLLIDE: an interactive and exact collision detection system for large-scale environments
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
OBBTree: a hierarchical structure for rapid interference detection
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Collision Detection and Response for Computer Animation
SIGGRAPH '88 Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The Science of Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments
The Science of Virtual Reality and Virtual Environments
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Interest in improved training methods for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has led to the development of a number of computer graphics based surgical simulators. These provide a safe environment for training in surgical procedures and offer potential advantages over conventional techniques. This paper starts with a brief review of existing work in the area, then goes on to describe a surgical simulator for Knee arthroscopy developed at the University of Hull. This provides real time simulation of the arthroscopic view, collision detection between instruments and objects within the joint, interaction with deformable objects and limited haptic feedback through the instruments.