A Probabilistic Exclusion Principle for Tracking Multiple Objects
International Journal of Computer Vision
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Detection in Color Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
M2Tracker: A Multi-View Approach to Segmenting and Tracking People in a Cluttered Scene
International Journal of Computer Vision
Fusion of Multiple Tracking Algorithms for Robust People Tracking
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting
EuroCOLT '95 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computational Learning Theory
Skin-Color Modeling and Adaptation
ACCV '98 Proceedings of the Third Asian Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II
Color-Based Tracking of Heads and Other Mobile Objects at Video Frame Rates
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Parametrized structure from motion for 3D adaptive feedback tracking of faces
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Segmentation and Tracking of Faces in Color Images
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
LISTEN: A System for Locating and Tracking Individual Speakers
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Face and Facial Feature Extraction from Color Image
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Toward Robust Skin Identification in Video Images
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Color-Based Hands Tracking System for Sign Language Recognition
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
View-Based Active Appearance Models
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Robust Face Tracking Using Color
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Real Time Tracking and Modeling of Faces: An EKF-Based Analysis by Synthesis Approach
MPEOPLE '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Modelling People
Detection and Tracking of Faces in Real Environments
RATFG-RTS '99 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems
WACV '96 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV '96)
Face detection by fuzzy pattern matching
ICCV '95 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision
Mean Shift Analysis and Applications
ICCV '99 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Real-Time Tracking of Multiple Persons
ICIAP '03 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
A real-time face tracker for color video
ICASSP '01 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001. on IEEE International Conference - Volume 03
Nonstationary color tracking for vision-based human-computer interaction
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
A Framework for Model-Based Tracking Experiments in Image Sequences
International Journal of Computer Vision
Efficient multiple faces tracking based on Relevance Vector Machine and Boosting learning
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
IROS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ international conference on Intelligent robots and systems
Object tracking using multiple fragments
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Multi-cue-based CamShift guided particle filter tracking
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Tracking and recognition of multiple faces at distances
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Target Tracking Using Multiple Patches and Weighted Vector Median Filters
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Audiovisual diarization of people in video content
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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Robust tracking of multiple people in video sequences is a challenging task. In this paper, we present an algorithm for tracking faces of multiple people even in cases of total occlusion. Faces are detected first; then a model for each person is built. The models are handed over to the tracking module which is based on the mean shift algorithm, where each face is represented by the non-parametric distribution of the colors in the face region. The mean shift tracking algorithm is robust to partial occlusion and rotation, and is computationally efficient, but it does not deal with the problem of total occlusion. Our algorithm overcomes this problem by detecting the occlusion using an occlusion grid, and uses a non-parametric distribution of the color of the occluded person's cloth to distinguish that person after the occlusion ends. Our algorithm uses the speed and the trajectory of each occluded person to predict the locations that should be searched after occlusion ends. It integrates multiple features to handle tracking multiple people in cases of partial and total occlusion. Experiments on a large set of video clips demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm, and its capability to correctly track multiple people even when faces are temporarily occluded by other faces or by other objects in the scene.