The metaDESK: models and prototypes for tangible user interfaces
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Multimodal virtual reality versus printed medium in visualization for blind people
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On tangible user interfaces, humans and spatiality
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
A taxonomy for and analysis of tangible interfaces
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Tac-tiles: multimodal pie charts for visually impaired users
Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles
SoundBar: exploiting multiple views in multimodal graph browsing
Proceedings of the 4th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: changing roles
A multimodal interactive system to create and explore graph structures
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Hands on what?: comparing children's mouse-based and tangible-based interaction
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children
Multimodal interaction: A suitable strategy for including older users?
Interacting with Computers
Investigating Phicon feedback in non-visual tangible user interfaces
CHI '11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
VizTouch: automatically generated tactile visualizations of coordinate spaces
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction
Trackable interactive multimodal manipulatives: towards a tangible user environment for the blind
ICCHP'12 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs - Volume Part II
Exploring tangible collaborative distance learning environments for the blind and visually impaired
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating the efficiency of physical visualizations
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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We present a tangible user interface (TUI) called Tangible Graph Builder, that has been designed to allow visually impaired users to access graph and chart-based data. We describe the current paper-based materials used to allow independent graph construction and browsing, before discussing how researchers have applied virtual haptic and non-speech audio techniques to provide more flexible access. We discuss why, although these technologies overcome many of the problems of non-visual graph access, they also introduce new issues and why the application of TUIs is important. An evaluation of Tangible Graph Builder with 12 participants (8 sight deprived, 4 blind) revealed key design requirements for non-visual TUIs, including phicon design and handling marker detection failure. We finish by presenting future work and improvements to our system.