Efficient cryptographic protocols based on noisy channels

  • Authors:
  • Claude Crépeau

  • Affiliations:
  • Département d'Informatique et R.O., Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada

  • Venue:
  • EUROCRYPT'97 Proceedings of the 16th annual international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
  • Year:
  • 1997

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Abstract

The Wire-Tap Channel of Wyner [19] shows that a Binary Symmetric Channel may be used as a basis for exchanging a secret key, in a cryptographic scenario of two honest people facing an eavesdropper. Later Crépeau and Kilian [9] showed how a BSC may be used to implement Oblivious Transfer in a cryptographic scenario of two possibly dishonest people facing each other. Unfortunately this result is rather impractical as it requires Ω(n11) bits to be transmitted through the BSC to accomplish a single OT. The current paper provides efficient protocols to achieve the cryptographic primitives of Bit Commitment and Oblivious Transfer based on the existence of a Binary Symmetric Channel. Our protocols respectively require sending O(n) and O(n3) bits through the BSC. These results are based on a technique known as Generalized Privacy Amplification [1] that allow two people to extract secret information from partially compromised data.