Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Lambertian Reflectance and Linear Subspaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Illumination Cones for Recognition under Variable Lighting: Faces
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Face Recognition Based on Fitting a 3D Morphable Model
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Regularized 3D Morphable Models
HLK '03 Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Higher-Level Knowledge in 3D Modeling and Motion Analysis
Lucas-Kanade 20 Years On: A Unifying Framework
International Journal of Computer Vision
Face Recognition Based on Frontal Views Generated from Non-Frontal Images
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Multi-View AAM Fitting and Camera Calibration
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'05) Volume 1 - Volume 01
Registration of Expressions Data using a 3D Morphable Model
FGR '06 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
A Generalized EM Approach for 3D Model Based Face Recognition under Occlusions
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Active appearance models with occlusion
Image and Vision Computing
Real-time combined 2D+3D active appearance models
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Accurate face models from uncalibrated and Ill-Lit video sequences
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Parametric stereo for multi-pose face recognition and 3d-face modeling
AMFG'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures
Occlusion filling in stereo: Theory and experiments
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Robust Bayesian fitting of 3D morphable model
Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Visual Media Production
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This paper addresses the recovery of face models from stereo pairs of images in the presence of foreign-body occlusions. In the proposed approach, a 3D morphable model (3DMM) for faces is augmented by an occlusion map defined on the model shape, and occlusion is detected with minimal computational overhead by incorporating robust estimators in the fitting process. Additionally, the method uses an explicit model for texture (or reflectance) in addition to shape, which is in contrast to most existing multi-view methods that use a shape model alone. We argue that both model components are required to handle certain classes of occluders, and we present empirical results to support this claim. In fact, the empirical results in this paper suggest that even in the absence of occlusions, stereo reconstruction using existing shape-only face models can perform poorly by some measures, and that the inclusion of an explicit texture model may be worth its computational expense.