Emacspeak—direct speech access
Assets '96 Proceedings of the second annual ACM conference on Assistive technologies
User interface of a Home Page Reader
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Digestor: device-independent access to the World Wide Web
Selected papers from the sixth international conference on World Wide Web
Intermediaries personalize information streams
Communications of the ACM
Web Accessibility for People with Disabilities
Web Accessibility for People with Disabilities
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
W4A '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Cross-Disciplinary Workshop on Web Accessibility (W4A)
WebInSight:: making web images accessible
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
The relationship between accessibility and usability of websites
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Ajax live regions: ReefChat using the fire vox screen reader as a case example
W4A '07 Proceedings of the 2007 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A)
SADIe: Structural semantics for accessibility and device independence
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
WebinSitu: a comparative analysis of blind and sighted browsing behavior
Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Aibrowser for multimedia: introducing multimedia content accessibility for visually impaired users
Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
AxsJAX: a talking translation bot using google IM: bringing web-2.0 applications to life
W4A '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A)
WebAnywhere: a screen reader on-the-go
W4A '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A)
Towards one world web with HearSay3
W4A '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international cross-disciplinary conference on Web accessibility (W4A)
What's new?: making web page updates accessible
Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Social accessibility: achieving accessibility through collaborative metadata authoring
Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Crawling AJAX by Inferring User Interface State Changes
ICWE '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Eighth International Conference on Web Engineering
Evaluating existing audio CAPTCHAs and an interface optimized for non-visual use
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AJAX Crawl: Making AJAX Applications Searchable
ICDE '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering
Towards a tool for keystroke level modeling of skilled screen reading
Proceedings of the 12th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Proceedings of the 12th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Identifying Behavioral Strategies of Visually Impaired Users to Improve Access to Web Content
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
Google news: how user-friendly is it for the blind?
Proceedings of the 29th ACM international conference on Design of communication
The design of human-powered access technology
The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Guidelines for an accessible web automation interface
The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Using acceptance tests to validate accessibility requirements in RIA
Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility
An intuitive accessible web automation user interface
Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
Investigating the information seeking behaviour of blind searchers on the web
BCS-HCI '11 Proceedings of the 25th BCS Conference on Human-Computer Interaction
Accessible skimming: faster screen reading of web pages
Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Back navigation shortcuts for screen reader users
Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Accessible skimming: faster screen reading of web pages
Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Progress on Website Accessibility?
ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB)
ICWE'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Current Trends in Web Engineering
Non-visual skimming on touch-screen devices
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Using simultaneous audio sources to speed-up blind people's web scanning
Proceedings of the 10th International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility
A customized mobile application for a cerebral palsy user
Proceedings of the 31st ACM international conference on Design of communication
Coping tactics employed by visually disabled users on the web
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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Browsing the Web with screen readers can be difficult and frustrating. Web pages often contain inaccessible content that is expressed only visually or that can be accessed only with the mouse. Screen-reader users must also contend with usability challenges encountered when the reading content is designed with built-in assumptions of how it will be accessed -- generally by a sighted person on a standard display. Far from passive consumers of content who simply accept web content as accessible or not, many screen-reader users are adept at developing, discovering, and employing browsing strategies that help them overcome the accessibility and usability problems they encounter. In this paper, we overview the browsing strategies that we have observed screen-reader users employ when faced with challenges, ranging from unfamiliar web sites and complex web pages to dynamic and automatically-refreshing content. A better understanding of existing browsing strategies can inform the design of accessible websites, development of new tools that make experienced users more effective, and help overcome the initial learning curve for users who have not yet acquired effective browsing strategies.