Analysis and mitigation of variability in subthreshold design
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Measurements and modeling of intrinsic fluctuations in MOSFET threshold voltage
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Sub-threshold Design for Ultra Low-Power Systems (Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems)
Sub-threshold Design for Ultra Low-Power Systems (Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems)
A Test-Structure to Efficiently Study Threshold-Voltage Variation in Large MOSFET Arrays
ISQED '07 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design
Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Ultra-low-power DLMS adaptive filter for hearing aid applications
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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This paper presents transistor variability modeling and its validation for body-biased subthreshold circuits based on measurements of a device-array circuit using a 90-nm technology. The device array consists of p/nMOS transistors and ring oscillators. We examine and confirm the correlation between the performance variation model extracted from measured I-V characteristics and fabricated oscillation frequencies. We demonstrate that delay variations in subthreshold circuits are well characterized with two parameters, i.e., threshold voltage and subthreshold swing parameter. We also reveal that threshold voltage shift by body biasing can be deterministically modeled and statistical modeling is less meaningful.