Guidelines, standards, and style guides
The human-computer interaction handbook
Web usability and age: how design changes can improve performance
CUU '03 Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Universal usability
What they see is what we get: response options for web surveys
Social Science Computer Review
Defensive Design for the Web: How to improve error messages, help, forms, and other crisis points
Defensive Design for the Web: How to improve error messages, help, forms, and other crisis points
Designating required vs. optional input fields
CHI EA '97 CHI '97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Securing user inputs for the web
Proceedings of the second ACM workshop on Digital identity management
Usable error message presentation in the World Wide Web: Do not show errors right away
Interacting with Computers
Web Form Design: Filling in the Blanks
Web Form Design: Filling in the Blanks
Cultural divide and the Internet
Computers in Human Behavior
Using eye-tracking to evaluate label alignment in online forms
Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges
Forms that Work: Designing Web Forms for Usability
Forms that Work: Designing Web Forms for Usability
Cognitive load in ecommerce applications: measurement and effects on user satisfaction
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
Error prevention in online forms: Use color instead of asterisks to mark required-fields
Interacting with Computers
Exploring the feasibility of web form adaptation to users' cultural dimension scores
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Designing product listing pages-Effects on sales and users' cognitive workload
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Working towards usable forms on the worldwide web: optimizing multiple selection interface elements
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
Working towards usable forms on the world wide web: optimizing date entry input fields
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
Supporting users tasks with personal information management and web forms augmentation
ICWE'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Web Engineering
Empirical evaluation of 20 web form optimization guidelines
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Field format restrictions are often used in online forms to impose certain formatting and content rules on users, such as minimum password length or date entry format. In this study, the question whether and how format restrictions for fields in online forms should be communicated to Internet users was explored. In an online study with n=166 participants, four ways to communicate format restrictions were investigated: (1) no visual format restriction, (2) format examples, (3) format specifications, and (4) both format restrictions (examples and specifications). Results show that providing details of any format restriction to users in advance leads to significantly fewer errors and trials. The most efficient way to communicate field format restrictions to users is by stating the imposed rule (format specification). Providing an additional example neither helps nor constrains users.