Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Direct manipulation of free-form deformations
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Performance of optical flow techniques
International Journal of Computer Vision
3D geometric modelling based on NURBS: a review
Advances in Engineering Software
VLDB '98 Proceedings of the 24rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Global and local deformations of solid primitives
SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings of the 11th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Microscale modelling of fruit tissue using Voronoi tessellations
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Plant species identification using Elliptic Fourier leaf shape analysis
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
New approach to border line evaluations for whole sample of Williams pear (Pyrus communis)
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
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A novel modeling procedure for semi-symmetrical plant organs using longitudinal and transverse organ profiles was developed to simplify and improve virtual organ representation. Fruits were used as model organs. The fruits were divided into halves to capture the fruit profile. Using a regular photo camera (Nikon-Coolpix 4500), and an in-house image acquisition setup, the half fruit images were captured. In-house Matlab (The Mathworks, Natick, MA) based program was used to determine the boundaries of the digitized images. Based on the boundary points, and using Fourier series approximation, the image boundaries were defined mathematically. Fourier series approximation defines boundary shapes using the sum of sine and cosine terms. Based on the Fourier descriptors, which are coefficients of the Fourier series approximation, fruit contours were extracted. Surface construction algorithms based on smoothed contour boundaries were developed. Because of non-axis symmetricity of most fruits, and the presence of surface perturbations, for example, carpels in tomato fruits, models based on only longitudinal cross sections were not satisfactory. A complete fruit model was finally developed by combining the longitudinal cross section of half fruits and the transverse cross section of whole fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first realistic geometrical fruit model that captures the fruit shape complexities. Such a model may be useful to analyze the genetic and environmental controls of fruit morphological and biochemical properties. Our modeling approach has limitation in producing geometric models for unusual curved shape plant organs such as banana, cucumbers, cassava and Jerusalem artichoke that are not quasi-symmetrical along the longitudinal axis.