Reconfigurable computing: what, why, and implications for design automation
Proceedings of the 36th annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
Reconfigurable computing: a survey of systems and software
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Reconfigurable Computing for Digital Signal Processing: A Survey
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
Hyperspectral Imaging: Techniques for Spectral Detection and Classification
Hyperspectral Imaging: Techniques for Spectral Detection and Classification
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
High Performance Computing in Remote Sensing
High Performance Computing in Remote Sensing
International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
Reconfigurable Computing: The Theory and Practice of FPGA-Based Computation
Reconfigurable Computing: The Theory and Practice of FPGA-Based Computation
Use of FPGA or GPU-based architectures for remotely sensed hyperspectral image processing
Integration, the VLSI Journal
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Hyperspectral imaging is a new emerging technology in remote sensing which generates hundreds of images, at different wavelength channels, for the same area on the surface of the Earth. Over the last years, many algorithms have been developed with the purpose of finding endmembers, assumed to be pure spectral signatures in remotely sensed hyperspectral data sets. One of the most popular techniques has been the pixel purity index (PPI). This algorithm is very time-consuming. The reconfigurability, compact size, and high computational power of Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) make them particularly attractive for exploitation in remote sensing applications with (near) real-time requirements. In this paper, we present an FPGA design for implementation of the PPI algorithm. Our systolic array design includes a DMA and implements a prefetching technique to reduce the penalties due to the I/O communications. We have also included a hardware module for random number generation. The proposed method has been tested using real hyperspectral data collected by NASA's Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer over the Cuprite mining district in Nevada. Experimental results reveal that the proposed hardware system is easily scalable and able to provide accurate results with compact size in (near) real-time, whichmake our reconfigurable system appealing for on-board hyperspectral data processing.