Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Constrained animation of flocks
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Shape-constrained flock animation
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds - CASA'2008 Special Issue
ClearPath: highly parallel collision avoidance for multi-agent simulation
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
PLEdestrians: a least-effort approach to crowd simulation
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
When a couple goes together: walk along steering
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
FAME, soft flock formation control for collective behavior studies and rapid games development
SEAL'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning
Interactive GA flock brush for non-photorealistic rendering
SEAL'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning
Special Section on CAD/Graphics 2013: Geometry-constrained crowd formation animation
Computers and Graphics
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In this paper, we present a flocking model where agents are equipped with navigational and obstacle avoidance capabilities that conform to user defined paths and formation shape requirements. In particular, we adopt an agent-based paradigm to achieve flexible formation handling at both the individual and flock level. The proposed model is studied under three different scenarios where flexible flock formations are produced automatically via algorithmic means to: 1) navigate around dynamically emerging obstacles, 2) navigate through narrow space and 3) navigate along path with sharp curvatures, hence minimizing the manual effort of human animators. Simulation results showed that the proposed model leads to highly realistic, flexible and real-time reactive flock formations.