Continuum crowds

Authors:
Adrien Treuille;Seth Cooper;Zoran Popović
Affiliations:
University of Washington;University of Washington;University of Washington and Electronic Arts
Venue:
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Year:
2006

Citing 14
Cited 134

Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model

SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Artificial fishes: physics, locomotion, perception, behavior

SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Crowd modelling in collaborative virtual environments

VRST '98 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Cognitive modeling: knowledge, reasoning and planning for intelligent characters

Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Visual simulation of smoke

Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Optimal Algorithm for Shape from Shading and Path Planning

Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Group Behaviors for Systems with Significant Dynamics

Autonomous Robots
Intuitive Crowd Behaviour in Dense Urban Environments using Local Laws

TPCG '03 Proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2003
Better group behaviors in complex environments using global roadmaps

ICAL 2003 Proceedings of the eighth international conference on Artificial life
Mathematical modelling of a mediaeval battle: the battle of Agincourt, 1415

Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
Finding paths for coherent groups using clearance

SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Flow tiles

SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Autonomous pedestrians

Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Fast and accurate goal-directed motion synthesis for crowds

Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation

Big fast crowds on PS3

Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Videogames
Controlling individual agents in high-density crowd simulation

SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Group behavior from video: a data-driven approach to crowd simulation

SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Behavior-graph for crowd simulation

ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 posters
Real-time navigation of independent agents using adaptive roadmaps

Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Interactive control of real-time crowd navigation in virtual environment

Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Interactive navigation of multiple agents in crowded environments

Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Generating plausible individual agent movements from spatio-temporal occupancy data

Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Massive datasets
Group motion editing

ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers
Modelling and Simulation of Pedestrian Behaviours

Proceedings of the 22nd Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation
Navigating virtual agents in online virtual worlds

Web3D '08 Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on 3D web technology
Real-time path planning for virtual agents in dynamic environments

ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 classes
Real-time navigation of independent agents using adaptive roadmaps

ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 classes
A novel network architecture for crowded online environments

Sandbox '08 Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Video games
Being a part of the crowd: towards validating VR crowds using presence

Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1
March of the Froblins: simulation and rendering massive crowds of intelligent and detailed creatures on GPU

ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 Games
Interaction patches for multi-character animation

ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2008 papers
GPU accelerated pathfinding

Proceedings of the 23rd ACM SIGGRAPH/EUROGRAPHICS symposium on Graphics hardware
Survey on Real-Time Crowds Simulation

Edutainment '08 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment
Social Perception and Steering for Online Avatars

IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Texture Synthesis Based Simulation of Secondary Agents

Motion in Games
Using the Corridor Map Method for Path Planning for a Large Number of Characters

Motion in Games
Real-Time Path Planning and Navigation for Multi-agent and Crowd Simulations

Motion in Games
Populate Your Game Scene

Motion in Games
Watch Out! A Framework for Evaluating Steering Behaviors

Motion in Games
A new system architecture for crowd simulation

Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Egocentric affordance fields in pedestrian steering

Proceedings of the 2009 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Indicative routes for path planning and crowd simulation

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games
Controlling the movement of crowds in computer graphics by using the mechanism of particle swarm optimization

Applied Soft Computing
ClearPath: highly parallel collision avoidance for multi-agent simulation

Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Experiment-based modeling, simulation and validation of interactions between virtual walkers

Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
SteerBug: an interactive framework for specifying and detecting steering behaviors

Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Spontaneous Avatar Behavior for Human Territoriality

IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Tree Paths: A New Model for Steering Behaviors

IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Motion field texture synthesis

ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
Interactive design of urban spaces using geometrical and behavioral modeling

ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
Aggregate dynamics for dense crowd simulation

ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
Composite agents

Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A comparative study of partitioning methods for crowd simulations

Applied Soft Computing
A semantic environment model for crowd simulation in multilayered complex environment

Proceedings of the 16th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Boids that see: Using self-occlusion for simulating large groups on GPUs

Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - SPECIAL ISSUE: Games
A bidimensional data structure and spatial optimization for supermassive crowd simulation on GPU

Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - SPECIAL ISSUE: Games
A new autonomous agent approach for the simulation of pedestrians in urban environments

Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering
Brain springs: fast physics for large crowds in WALLċE

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
YaQ: an architecture for real-time navigation and rendering of varied crowds

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
Vector field driven design for lightweight signal processing and control schemes for autonomous robotic navigation

EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on signal processing advances in robots and autonomy
The hierarchical behavior model for crowd simulation

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Virtual Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
Collision Avoidance between Avatars of Real and Virtual Individuals

MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Exploiting Motion Capture to Enhance Avoidance Behaviour in Games

MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
A Predictive Collision Avoidance Model for Pedestrian Simulation

MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Data Driven Evaluation of Crowds

MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
An Open Framework for Developing, Evaluating, and Sharing Steering Algorithms

MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Traffic control for a swarm of robots: avoiding group conflicts

IROS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ international conference on Intelligent robots and systems
Traffic control for a swarm of robots: avoiding target congestion

IROS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ international conference on Intelligent robots and systems
Technical Section: Emergency crowd simulation for outdoor environments

Computers and Graphics
Data-driven animation of crowds

MIRAGE'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer vision/computer graphics collaboration techniques
A distributed framework for scalable large-scale crowd simulation

ICVR'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Virtual reality
Continuous motion graph for crowd simulation

Edutainment'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Technologies for e-learning and digital entertainment
A synthetic-vision based steering approach for crowd simulation

ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
A script engine for realistic human motion generation

International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
Crowd modeling and simulation technologies

ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Technical Section: Continuum crowd simulation in complex environments

Computers and Graphics
Virtual cityscapes: recent advances in crowd modeling and traffic simulation

Frontiers of Computer Science in China
Simulated event propagation in distributed, open environments

SpringSim '10 Proceedings of the 2010 Spring Simulation Multiconference
Simulating the local behaviour of small pedestrian groups

Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Parallelizing continuum crowds

Proceedings of the 17th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Two concurrent algorithms of discrete potential field construction

PPAM'09 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Parallel processing and applied mathematics: Part II
Resolving local minima problem of potential field

Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
PLEdestrians: a least-effort approach to crowd simulation

Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Modeling and simulation of pedestrian behaviors in crowded places

ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Geodesic Methods in Computer Vision and Graphics

Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision
Virtual chaotic traffic simulation

Proceedings of the Seventh Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
The dynamic distance potential field in a situation with asymmetric bottleneck capacities

ACRI'10 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Cellular automata for research and industry
Solving the direction field for discrete agent motion

ACRI'10 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Cellular automata for research and industry
A modular framework for adaptive agent-based steering

I3D '11 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
Toward simulating realistic pursuit-evasion using a roadmap-based approach

MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Autonomous multi-agents in flexible flock formation

MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Path-planning for RTS games based on potential fields

MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Formation sketching: an approach to stylize groups in crowd simulation

Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2011
Real-time control of individual agents for crowd simulation

Multimedia Tools and Applications
Dynamic obstacle representations for robot and virtual agent navigation

Canadian AI'11 Proceedings of the 24th Canadian conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
Scenario space: characterizing coverage, quality, and failure of steering algorithms

SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Interactive hybrid simulation of large-scale traffic

Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Imperceptible relaxation of collision avoidance constraints in virtual crowds

Proceedings of the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference
Dynamic level of detail for large scale agent-based urban simulations

The 10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2
A novel method for large crowd flow

Transactions on edutainment VI
Evoking panic in crowd simulation

Transactions on edutainment VI
A behavior model based on information transmission for crowd simulation

Transactions on edutainment VI
Dynamic adaptive disaster simulation: developing a predictive model of emergency behavior using cell phone and GIS data

Proceedings of the 2011 Workshop on Agent-Directed Simulation
A Computational Model of Emotions for Agent-Based Crowds in Serious Games

WI-IAT '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 02
On the Modeling of Traffic and Crowds: A Survey of Models, Speculations, and Perspectives

SIAM Review
Animation of flocks flying in line formations

Artificial Life
Visual perception modeling for intelligent avatars

ICAT'06 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Advances in Artificial Reality and Tele-Existence
Virtual Reality in Brazil 2011: Simulating crowds based on a space colonization algorithm

Computers and Graphics
Formation preserving path finding in 3-D terrains

Applied Intelligence
Modeling small group behaviors in large crowd simulation

I3D '12 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
Agent-based simulation of crowd evacuation behavior

ACMOS'09 Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS international conference on Automatic control, modelling and simulation
Sound agents

EvoCOMNET'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computation - Volume Part II
Reducing the environmental impact of new construction projects through general purpose building design and multi-agent crowd simulation

PRIMA'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Agents in Principle, Agents in Practice
Hybrid path planning for massive crowd simulation on the GPU

MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
Long term real trajectory reuse through region goal satisfaction

MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
Validation of agent-based simulation through human computation: an example of crowd simulation

MABS'11 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Multi-Agent-Based Simulation
Ambient sound spaces

Multimedia Tools and Applications
Human behaviour modelling for simulating evacuation of buildings on fire

Transactions on Edutainment VII
Towards a quantitative approach for comparing crowds

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Real-time density-based crowd simulation

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Crowd distribution and location preference

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Realistic following behaviors for crowd simulation

Computer Graphics Forum
SAMBA: steadied choreographies

CAe '12 Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging
A statistical similarity measure for aggregate crowd dynamics

ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2012
Field architecture for traffic and mobility modelling in mobility management

International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing
Destination flow for crowd simulation

ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Politeness improves interactivity in dense crowds

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Environment-aware real-time crowd control

EUROSCA'12 Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics conference on Computer Animation
Cloning crowd motions

EUROSCA'12 Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGGRAPH / Eurographics conference on Computer Animation
Environment-aware real-time crowd control

Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Cloning crowd motions

Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Hybrid long-range collision avoidance for crowd simulation

Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
A cognitive module in a decision-making architecture for agents in urban simulations

CAVE'12 Proceedings of the First international conference on Cognitive Agents for Virtual Environments
Modeling Agent Social Joint Actions via Micro and Macro Coordination Strategies

WI-IAT '12 Proceedings of the The 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 02
Sketch-based crowd modelling

AUIC '11 Proceedings of the Twelfth Australasian User Interface Conference - Volume 117
Multi-domain real-time planning in dynamic environments

Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Velocity-based modeling of physical interactions in multi-agent simulations

Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A review of motion analysis methods for human Nonverbal Communication Computing

Image and Vision Computing
Control of swarm behavior in crossing pedestrians based on temporal/spatial frequencies

Robotics and Autonomous Systems
Inserting virtual pedestrians into pedestrian groups video with behavior consistency

The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
An evaluation of a sketch-based model-by-example approach for crowd modelling

AUIC '12 Proceedings of the Thirteenth Australasian User Interface Conference - Volume 126
Technical Section: A GPU-assisted hybrid model for real-time crowd simulations

Computers and Graphics
Context-sensitive data-driven crowd simulation

Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
EkuSim: realistic evacuation simulation with a fast hierarchical algorithm

Proceedings of the 2013 Grand Challenges on Modeling and Simulation Conference
k-color multi-robot motion planning

International Journal of Robotics Research
Optimal crowd editing

Graphical Models
Right of way

The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
A distributed visualization system for crowd simulations

Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering

Quantified Score

Hi-index	0.00

Visualization

Abstract

We present a real-time crowd model based on continuum dynamics. In our model, a dynamic potential field simultaneously integrates global navigation with moving obstacles such as other people, efficiently solving for the motion of large crowds without the need for explicit collision avoidance. Simulations created with our system run at interactive rates, demonstrate smooth flow under a variety of conditions, and naturally exhibit emergent phenomena that have been observed in real crowds.