Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Simulating humans: computer graphics animation and control
Simulating humans: computer graphics animation and control
Artificial fishes: physics, locomotion, perception, behavior
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Cognitive modeling: knowledge, reasoning and planning for intelligent characters
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Hierarchical Model for Real Time Simulation of Virtual Human Crowds
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Reactive Pedestrian Path Following from Examples
CASA '03 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA 2003)
Intuitive Crowd Behaviour in Dense Urban Environments using Local Laws
TPCG '03 Proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Computer Graphics 2003
System for authoring highly interactive, personality-rich interactive characters
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Crowdbrush: interactive authoring of real-time crowd scenes
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Surveillance camera scheduling: a virtual vision approach
Proceedings of the third ACM international workshop on Video surveillance & sensor networks
Motion patches: building blocks for virtual environments annotated with motion data
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on Videogames
Controlling individual agents in high-density crowd simulation
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Group behavior from video: a data-driven approach to crowd simulation
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
A decision network framework for the behavioral animation of virtual humans
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Real-time navigation of independent agents using adaptive roadmaps
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Virtual vision: visual sensor networks in virtual reality
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Dynamic movement and positioning of embodied agents in multiparty conversations
Proceedings of the 6th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
Interactive navigation of multiple agents in crowded environments
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
An Extensible Collision Avoidance Model for Realistic Self-Driven Autonomous Agents
DS-RT '07 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
A Conceptual Framework for Modelling Crowd Behaviour
DS-RT '07 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
Intelligent perception and control for space robotics: Autonomous Satellite Rendezvous and Docking
Machine Vision and Applications
Generating plausible individual agent movements from spatio-temporal occupancy data
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Massive datasets
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers
Navigating virtual agents in online virtual worlds
Web3D '08 Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on 3D web technology
Perceptual evaluation of position and orientation context rules for pedestrian formations
Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Realistic agent populations for large-scale virtual training environments
Proceedings of the 2008 Spring simulation multiconference
Crowds of moving objects: navigation planning and simulation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 classes
Real-time navigation of independent agents using adaptive roadmaps
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 classes
Being a part of the crowd: towards validating VR crowds using presence
Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems - Volume 1
Social Perception and Steering for Online Avatars
IVA '08 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Watch Out! A Framework for Evaluating Steering Behaviors
Motion in Games
A new system architecture for crowd simulation
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Simulating crowd phenomena in African markets
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Virtual Reality, Visualisation and Interaction in Africa
Crowd patches: populating large-scale virtual environments for real-time applications
Proceedings of the 2009 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
Egocentric affordance fields in pedestrian steering
Proceedings of the 2009 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
SteerBug: an interactive framework for specifying and detecting steering behaviors
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Dynamic movement and positioning of embodied agents in multiparty conversations
EmbodiedNLP '07 Proceedings of the Workshop on Embodied Language Processing
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A framework of evaluating partitioning mechanisms for agent-based simulation systems
SpringSim '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Spring Simulation Multiconference
A semantic environment model for crowd simulation in multilayered complex environment
Proceedings of the 16th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Boids that see: Using self-occlusion for simulating large groups on GPUs
Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - SPECIAL ISSUE: Games
A bidimensional data structure and spatial optimization for supermassive crowd simulation on GPU
Computers in Entertainment (CIE) - SPECIAL ISSUE: Games
A new autonomous agent approach for the simulation of pedestrians in urban environments
Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering
Activity-driven populace: a cognitive approach to crowd simulation
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
Modeling groups of plausible virtual pedestrians
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
Exploiting Motion Capture to Enhance Avoidance Behaviour in Games
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
An Open Framework for Developing, Evaluating, and Sharing Steering Algorithms
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Real-time autonomous pedestrian navigation with groups
GVE '07 Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Graphics and Visualization in Engineering
Technical Section: Emergency crowd simulation for outdoor environments
Computers and Graphics
Data-driven animation of crowds
MIRAGE'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer vision/computer graphics collaboration techniques
Distributed coalition formation in visual sensor networks: a virtual vision approach
DCOSS'07 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Distributed computing in sensor systems
A distributed framework for scalable large-scale crowd simulation
ICVR'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Virtual reality
A synthetic-vision based steering approach for crowd simulation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Social puppets: towards modular social animation for agents and avatars
OCSC'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Online communities and social computing
Crowd modeling and simulation technologies
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
Technical Section: Continuum crowd simulation in complex environments
Computers and Graphics
Virtual cityscapes: recent advances in crowd modeling and traffic simulation
Frontiers of Computer Science in China
Perceptual effects of scene context and viewpoint for virtual pedestrian crowds
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Smart events and primed agents
IVA'10 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
Resolving local minima problem of potential field
Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
Simulating believable crowd and group behaviors
ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2010 Courses
PLEdestrians: a least-effort approach to crowd simulation
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Modeling and simulation of pedestrian behaviors in crowded places
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
A modular framework for adaptive agent-based steering
I3D '11 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
Level of detail AI for virtual characters in games and simulation
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Evaluation and comparison of multi-agent based crowd simulation systems
Agents for games and simulations II
Formation sketching: an approach to stylize groups in crowd simulation
Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2011
A framework of intentional characters for simulation of social behavior
Proceedings of the 2010 Summer Computer Simulation Conference
Simulating heterogeneous crowd behaviors using personality trait theory
SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Scenario space: characterizing coverage, quality, and failure of steering algorithms
SCA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A novel method for large crowd flow
Transactions on edutainment VI
Evoking panic in crowd simulation
Transactions on edutainment VI
Evacuation Simulation Based on Cognitive Decision Making Model in a Socio-Technical System
DS-RT '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/ACM 15th International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications
Populating reconstructed archaeological sites with autonomous virtual humans
IVA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Simulating pedestrian behavior with potential fields
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
A multi-agent simulation framework for emergency evacuations incorporating personality and emotions
SETN'10 Proceedings of the 6th Hellenic conference on Artificial Intelligence: theories, models and applications
Interactive simulation of dynamic crowd behaviors using general adaptation syndrome theory
I3D '12 Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
EvoCOMNET'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computation - Volume Part II
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
Improved benchmarking for steering algorithms
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
Eyecatch: simulating visuomotor coordination for object interception
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - SIGGRAPH 2012 Conference Proceedings
Multimedia Tools and Applications
A unified structure for crowd simulation
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Crowd distribution and location preference
Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds
Populating ancient pompeii with crowds of virtual romans
VAST'07 Proceedings of the 8th International conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Intelligent Cultural Heritage
Crowd evacuation for indoor public spaces using Coulomb's law
Advances in Artificial Intelligence
IVA'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Destination flow for crowd simulation
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Out of context augmented navfields: designing crowd choreographies
ICEC'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Entertainment Computing
Populating virtual environments with crowd patches and rule-based method
Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry
A cognitive module in a decision-making architecture for agents in urban simulations
CAVE'12 Proceedings of the First international conference on Cognitive Agents for Virtual Environments
Combining activity scheduling and path planning to populate virtual cities
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems
Velocity-based modeling of physical interactions in multi-agent simulations
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
A pattern-based modeling framework for simulating human-like pedestrian steering behaviors
Proceedings of the 19th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology
Spatial indexing in agent-based crowd simulation
Proceedings of the 6th International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques
Technical Section: A GPU-assisted hybrid model for real-time crowd simulations
Computers and Graphics
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
Sound localization and multi-modal steering for autonomous virtual agents
Proceedings of the 18th meeting of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games
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We address the difficult open problem of emulating the rich complexity of real pedestrians in urban environments. Our artificial life approach integrates motor, perceptual, behavioral, and cognitive components within a model of pedestrians as individuals. Our comprehensive model feature innovations in these components, as well as in their combination, yielding results of unprecedented fidelity and complexity for fully autonomous multi-human simulation in a large urban environment. We represent the environment using hierarchical data structures, which efficiently support the perceptual queries of the autonomous pedestrians that drive their behavioral responses and sustain their ability to plan their actions on local and global scales.