Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Perceptual metrics for character animation: sensitivity to errors in ballistic motion
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Controlling individual agents in high-density crowd simulation
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Group behavior from video: a data-driven approach to crowd simulation
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Smooth movers: perceptually guided human motion simulation
SCA '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Talking bodies: Sensitivity to desynchronization of conversations
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Modeling groups of plausible virtual pedestrians
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications - Special issue on non-photorealistic rendering a virtual environment for teaching social skills
Data Driven Evaluation of Crowds
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Variety Is the Spice of (Virtual) Life
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Perceptual effects of scene context and viewpoint for virtual pedestrian crowds
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Simulating believable crowd and group behaviors
ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2010 Courses
Simulating formations of non-holonomic systems with control limits along curvilinear coordinates
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
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In this paper, we evaluate the effects of position and orientation on the plausibility of pedestrian formations. In a perceptual study we investigated how humans perceive characteristics of virtual crowds in static scenes reconstructed from annotated still images where the orientations and positions of the individuals have been modified. We found that by applying rules based on the contextual information of the scene, such as the type of scene being portrayed, the presence of nearby individuals and objects and the constraints of the walking areas in the scene, we improved the perceived realism of the crowd formations. Results from this study can help in the creation of virtual crowds, such as computer graphics pedestrian models or architectural scenes.