Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Introduction to Reinforcement Learning
Modeling Individual Behaviors in Crowd Simulation
CASA '03 Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents (CASA 2003)
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Some Criteria of Making Decisions in Pedestrian Evacuation Algorithms
CISIM '07 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications
Advancing the Layered Approach to Agent-Based Crowd Simulation
Proceedings of the 22nd Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation
The focussed D* algorithm for real-time replanning
IJCAI'95 Proceedings of the 14th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Agent communication in distributed simulations
MABS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Multi-Agent and Multi-Agent-Based Simulation
Extending time management support for multi-agent systems
MABS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Multi-Agent and Multi-Agent-Based Simulation
Layering social interaction scenarios on environmental simulation
MABS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Multi-Agent and Multi-Agent-Based Simulation
MABS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Multi-Agent and Multi-Agent-Based Simulation
PaCT'07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Parallel Computing Technologies
Applying Cellular Automata and DEVS Methodologies to Digital Games: A Survey
Simulation and Gaming
Simulation of Pedestrian Behavior in Intermodal Facilities
International Journal of Agent Technologies and Systems
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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We adapt a scalable layered intelligence technique from the game industry, for agent-based crowd simulation. We extend this approach for planned movements, pursuance of assignable goals, and avoidance of dynamically introduced obstacles/threats as well as congestions, while keeping the system scalable with the number of agents. We demonstrate the various behaviors in hall-evacuation scenarios, and experimentally establish the scalability of the frame rates with increasing numbers of agents.