Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Artificial fishes: physics, locomotion, perception, behavior
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Networked virtual environments: design and implementation
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Planning Algorithms
Real-time navigation of independent agents using adaptive roadmaps
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Interactive navigation of multiple agents in crowded environments
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games
A Virtual Tour Guide for Virtual Worlds
IVA '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents
Using virtual tour behavior to build dialogue models for training review
IVA'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Intelligent virtual agents
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We present an approach for navigating autonomous virtual agents in online virtual worlds that are based on a centralized server network topology. Each agent's motion is controlled through local and global navigation. Our local navigation model is based on artificial social forces that has been extended to account for inaccurate sensing from network latency. Global navigation for each virtual agent is based on cell decomposition and computes high level paths. The overall computation is balanced by performing local navigation on client machines and global navigation on the server. We have implemented our navigation algorithm into the Second Life virtual world and highlight our results by simulating up to 18 virtual agents over multiple different client computers.