Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Paint by numbers: abstract image representations
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Artificial evolution for computer graphics
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Adaptation in natural and artificial systems
Interactive pen-and-ink illustration
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Generating rhythms with genetic algorithms
AAAI'94 Proceedings of the twelfth national conference on Artificial intelligence (vol. 2)
Processing images and video for an impressionist effect
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Painterly rendering with curved brush strokes of multiple sizes
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Non-Photorealistic Rendering
A Non-Stroke Based Method to Generate Sketching Style from Original Image
CISP '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, Vol. 3 - Volume 03
Non-photorealistic Rendering Using Genetic Programming
SEAL '08 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning
Research frontier: memetic computation-past, present & future
IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine
Autonomous multi-agents in flexible flock formation
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Image and video abstraction by multi-scale anisotropic Kuwahara filtering
Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering
A Multi-Facet Survey on Memetic Computation
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
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Art styles are modes of expressing creative artistic ideas. Non-photorealistic rendering is a process of projecting artistic expressions in a digital representation. In this paper, we consider the use of evolutionary computation techniques to explore the variability of artistic styles through an evolutionary process. Our system, a union of biological swarms in the form of flocks and interactive genetic algorithm (IGA), generates artistic styles to produce stylized digital photographs. By varying a finite set of parameters, we transform photo-realistic scenes to artistic imagery. Our most distinct styles bear close resemblance to familiar traditional art styles like Impressionism and Pointillism.