Speech and expression: a computer solution to face animation
Proceedings on Graphics Interface '86/Vision Interface '86
A muscle model for animation three-dimensional facial expression
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Introduction to algorithms
Performance of optical flow techniques
International Journal of Computer Vision
Realistic modeling for facial animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Video Rewrite: driving visual speech with audio
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
EM algorithms for PCA and SPCA
NIPS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems 10
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Robustly estimating changes in image appearance
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on robusst statistical techniques in image understanding
Visual Speech Synthesis by Morphing Visemes
International Journal of Computer Vision - special issue on learning and vision at the center for biological and computational learning, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition
Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition
Trainable videorealistic speech animation
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Polymorph: Morphing Among Multiple Images
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Hierarchical Model-Based Motion Estimation
ECCV '92 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer Vision
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Sample-Based Synthesis of Photo-Realistic Talking Heads
CA '98 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Recognition and Structure from one 2D Model View: Observations on Prototypes, Object Classes and Symmetries
Priors Stabilizers and Basis Functions: From Regularization to Radial, Tensor and Additive Splines
Priors Stabilizers and Basis Functions: From Regularization to Radial, Tensor and Additive Splines
Example Based Image Analysis and Synthesis
Example Based Image Analysis and Synthesis
A parametric model for human faces.
A parametric model for human faces.
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We describe how to create with machine learning techniques a generative, videorealistic, speech animation module. A human subject is first recorded using a videocamera as he/she utters a pre-determined speech corpus. After processing the corpus automatically, a visual speech module is learned from the data that is capable of synthesizing the human subject's mouth uttering entirely novel utterances that were not recorded in the original video. The synthesized utterance is re-composited onto a background sequence which contains natural head and eye movement. The final output is videorealistic in the sense that it looks like a video camera recording of the subject. At run time, the input to the system can be either real audio sequences or synthetic audio produced by a text-to-speech system, as long as they have been phonetically aligned.