A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
SIGMOD '90 Proceedings of the 1990 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Specifying data availability in multi-device file systems
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
The design and implementation of a log-structured file system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Parity logging overcoming the small write problem in redundant disk arrays
ISCA '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual international symposium on computer architecture
SIGMOD '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
RAID: high-performance, reliable secondary storage
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
The HP AutoRAID hierarchical storage system
SOSP '95 Proceedings of the fifteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
DCD—disk caching disk: a new approach for boosting I/O performance
ISCA '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Hot mirroring: a method of hiding parity update penalty and degradation during rebuilds for RAID5
SIGMOD '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Tolerating multiple failures in RAID architectures with optimal storage and uniform declustering
Proceedings of the 24th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Modeling and performance of MEMS-based storage devices
Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
MEMS-based integrated-circuit mass-storage systems
Communications of the ACM
Designing computer systems with MEMS-based storage
ASPLOS IX Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
PDIS '91 Proceedings of the first international conference on Parallel and distributed information systems
Workload based optimization of probe-based storage
SIGMETRICS '02 Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Analytic Modeling and Comparisons of Striping Strategies for Replicated Disk Arrays
IEEE Transactions on Computers
VLDB '88 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
My Cache or Yours? Making Storage More Exclusive
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
RAPID-Cache ¾ A Reliable and Inexpensive Write Cache for Disk I/O Systems
HPCA '99 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture
Optimizing Probe-Based Storage
FAST '03 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
AFRAID: a frequently redundant array of independent disks
ATEC '96 Proceedings of the 1996 annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
HPDA: A hybrid parity-based disk array for enhanced performance and reliability
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
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Current disk arrays, the basic building blocks of high-performance storage systems, are built around two memory technologies: magnetic disk drives, and non-volatile DRAM caches. Disk latencies are higher by six orders of magnitude than non-volatile DRAM access times, but cache costs over 1000 times more per byte. A new storage technology based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) will soon offer a new set of performance and cost characteristics that bridge the gap between disk drives and the caches. We evaluate potential gains in performance and cost by incorporating MEMS-based storage in disk arrays. Our evaluation is based on exploring potential placements of MEMS-based storage in a disk array. We used detailed disk array simulators to replay I/O traces of real applications for the evaluation. We show that replacing disks with MEMS-based storage can improve the array performance dramatically, with a cost performance ratio several times better than conventional arrays even if MEMS storage costs ten times as much as disk. We also demonstrate that hybrid MEMS/disk arrays, which cost less than purely MEMS-based arrays, can provide substantial improvements in performance and cost/performance over conventional arrays.