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Destage algorithms for disk arrays with non-volatile caches
ISCA '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual international symposium on Computer architecture
The design and implementation of the 4.4BSD operating system
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Sawmill: a logging file system for a high-performance raid disk array
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PDIS '91 Proceedings of the first international conference on Parallel and distributed information systems
File-System Workload on a Scientific Multiprocessor
IEEE Parallel & Distributed Technology: Systems & Technology
Simulation study of cached RAID5 designs
HPCA '95 Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
A performance comparison of RAID-5 and log-structured arrays
HPDC '95 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
Beating the I/O Bottleneck: A Case for Log-Structured File Systems
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IEEE Transactions on Computers
RAPID-Cache-A Reliable and Inexpensive Write Cache for High Performance Storage Systems
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IEEE Transactions on Computers
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IEEE Transactions on Computers
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Future Generation Computer Systems - Special issue: Advanced services for clusters and internet computing
STICS: SCSI-to-IP cache for storage area networks
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Disk Drive Roadmap from the Thermal Perspective: A Case for Dynamic Thermal Management
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Configuring and Scheduling an Eager-Writing Disk Array for a Transaction Processing Workload
FAST '02 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
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HyLog: A High Performance Approach to Managing Disk Layout
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Tulip: A New Hash Based Cooperative Web Caching Architecture
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ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
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SODA: sensitivity based optimization of disk architecture
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RAID0.5: design and implementation of a low cost disk array data protection method
The Journal of Supercomputing
BORG: block-reORGanization for self-optimizing storage systems
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Configuring and scheduling an eager-writing disk array for a transaction processing workload
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This paper presents a novel disk storage architecture called DCD, Disk Caching Disk, for the purpose of optimizing I/O performance. The main idea of the DCD is to use a small log disk, referred to as cache-disk, as a secondary disk cache to optimize write performance. While the cache-disk and the normal data disk have the same physical properties, the access speed of the former differs dramatically from the latter because of different data units and different ways in which data are accessed. Our objective is to exploit this speed difference by using the log disk as a cache to build a reliable and smooth disk hierarchy. A small RAM buffer is used to collect small write requests to form a log which is transferred onto the cache-disk whenever the cache-disk is idle. Because of the temporal locality that exists in office/engineering work-load environments, the DCD system shows write performance close to the same size RAM (i.e. solid-state disk) for the cost of a disk. Moreover, the cache-disk can also be implemented as a logical disk in which case a small portion of the normal data disk is used as the log disk. Trace-driven simulation experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed disk architecture. Under the office/engineering work-load environment, the DCD shows superb disk performance for writes as compared to existing disk systems. Performance improvements of up to two orders of magnitude are observed in terms of average response time for write operations. Furthermore, DCD is very reliable and works at the device or device driver level. As a result, it can be applied directly to current file systems without the need of changing the operating system.